Preferred temperature (Ref.
115969): 10.4 - 22.6, mean 14.8 °C (based on 300 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82805): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00501 (0.00316 - 0.00794), b=3.02 (2.88 - 3.16), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for species & Subfamily-BS (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 5.2 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
Resilience (Ref.
120179): Low, minimum population doubling time 4.5 - 14 years (Assuming fecundity<100).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (49 of 100) .
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): (0 of 100) .
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 68.7 [10.9, 238.2] mg/100g ; Iron = 1.15 [0.31, 3.15] mg/100g ; Protein = 16.5 [14.3, 18.9] % ; Omega3 = 0.503 [0.216, 1.431] g/100g ; Selenium = 21 [5, 60] μg/100g ; VitaminA = 16.4 [6.6, 41.2] μg/100g ; Zinc = 0.785 [0.387, 1.768] mg/100g (wet weight);