Spicara maena, Blotched picarel : fisheries, gamefish

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Spicara maena (Linnaeus, 1758)

Blotched picarel
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Spicara maena   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Spicara maena (Blotched picarel)
Spicara maena
Picture by Patzner, R.

Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes(genus, species) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Actinopteri (ray-finned fishes) > Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) > Sparidae (Porgies)
Etymology: Spicara: Latin, spicare = furnished with spike (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.

Issue
Spicara flexuosa Rafinesque, 1810 is a valid species (Ref. 124120). Species page to be created.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Marine; pelagic-neritic; depth range 30 - 130 m (Ref. 7349). Subtropical; 47°N - 28°N, 19°W - 42°E

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Eastern Atlantic: Portugal, Morocco, and Canary Islands including the Mediterranean and Black Sea.

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: Lm 11.5  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 25.0 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 6518); 21.0 cm SL (female)

Biology     Glossary (e.g. epibenthic)

Adults are found in the neritic zone, commonly over Posidonia beds and on sand, muddy and rock bottoms down to about 100 m (Ref. 6518, 124120). They are distributed at depths of 30m to 90m (Ref. 56124). Feed on zooplankton. Are protogynous hermaphrodites. A demersal spawner (Ref. 124120).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Sex reversal occurs at lengths over 10.9 cm TL in the northeastern Mediterranean (Ref. 93202). Also Ref. 103751.

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Heemstra, P.C., 1990. Centracanthidae. p. 768-772. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 7349)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 125652)

  Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 22 August 2009

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Harmless





Human uses

Fisheries: minor commercial; gamefish: yes
FAO - Fisheries: landings; Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us

More information

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Summary page | Point data | Common names | Photos

Internet sources

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: genus, species | DiscoverLife | DORIS | ECOTOX | FAO - Fisheries: landings; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: genome, nucleotide | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | National databases | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | Public aquariums | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: Go, Search | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 13 - 18.1, mean 14.5 °C (based on 87 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5039   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01096 (0.01001 - 0.01201), b=3.02 (2.99 - 3.05), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
Trophic level (Ref. 69278):  4.2   ±0.6 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 3.5 (2.3 - 6.1) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 11 growth studies.
Resilience (Ref. 120179):  Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (K=0.24; tmax=5).
Prior r = 1.01, 95% CL = 0.66 - 1.51, Based on 1 stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Moderate vulnerability (40 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649):  Moderate vulnerability (42 of 100).
Price category (Ref. 80766):   High.
Nutrients (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 90 [44, 183] mg/100g ; Iron = 0.783 [0.231, 3.333] mg/100g ; Protein = 19.7 [17.8, 21.6] % ; Omega3 = 0.801 [0.374, 1.822] g/100g ; Selenium = 16.3 [7.8, 36.0] μg/100g ; VitaminA = 52.5 [16.2, 152.8] μg/100g ; Zinc = 0.438 [0.169, 1.720] mg/100g (wet weight);