Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes(genus, species) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Actinopteri (ray-finned fishes) > Tetraodontiformes (Puffers and filefishes) > Monacanthidae (Filefishes)
Etymology: Stephanolepis: Greek, stephanos = crown + Greek, lepis = scale (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Marine; reef-associated; depth range 0 - 293 m (Ref. 5951). Subtropical; 46°N - 37°S, 98°W - 14°E

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Western Atlantic: Nova Scotia, Canada south along the U.S., Bermuda, the Bahamas, throughout the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea, and along South America to Uruguay (Ref. 114078). Eastern Atlantic: Canary Islands, Morocco to Angola (Ref. 109259) including Madeira (Ref. 3592).

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L_m 13.9, range 11 - ? cm
Max length : 36.9 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 124459); max. published weight: 364.20 g (Ref. 124459)

Short description Morphology | Morphometrics

Dorsal spines (total): 2; Dorsal soft rays (total): 29-35; Anal spines: 0; Anal soft rays: 30 - 35

Found on sand or mud bottoms. Associated with Sargassum (Ref. 26340). Adults feed on benthic invertebrates (Ref. 5377). Edible but generally rejected by fishers (Ref. 5377).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator : Hutchins, Barry | Collaborators

Harmelin-Vivien, M.L. and J.-C. Quéro, 1990. Monacanthidae. p. 1061-1066. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3592)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 125652)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 27 February 2014

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 30911)

Human uses

Fisheries: subsistence fisheries; aquarium: commercial

FAO - Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us

More information

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Occurrences
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Ecology
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Common names
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Eggs
Egg development

Age/Size
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Length-weight
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Morphometrics
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References
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Check for Aquarium maintenance | Check for Species Fact Sheets | Check for Aquaculture Fact Sheets

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Summary page | Point data | Common names | Photos

Internet sources

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 10.2 - 27, mean 21.1 °C (based on 480 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01778 (0.01479 - 0.02139), b=2.91 (2.86 - 2.96), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 2.6 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.

Resilience (Ref. 120179): High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (K=0.37;).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (31 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Unknown.

Nutrients (Ref. 124155): Calcium = 36.4 [12.4, 91.9] mg/100g ; Iron = 1.01 [0.53, 2.16] mg/100g ; Protein = 19 [17, 21] % ; Omega3 = 0.155 [0.068, 0.325] g/100g ; Selenium = 15.3 [6.9, 38.1] μg/100g ; VitaminA = 26.6 [6.3, 107.8] μg/100g ; Zinc = 1.05 [0.57, 1.83] mg/100g (wet weight);

Stephanolepis hispida (Linnaeus, 1766)