Teleostei (teleosts) >
Salmoniformes (Salmons) >
Salmonidae (Salmonids) > Salmoninae
Etymology: Oncorhynchus: Greek, onyx, -ychos = nail + Greek, rhyngchos = snout (Ref. 45335).
Eponymy: This species is named after the White Mountain Apache tribe which is concerned for the welfare of this endangered species. (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Freshwater; demersal; non-migratory (Ref. 46888). Temperate; 34°N - 33°N
North America: Upper Salt River and Little Colorado River systems (Colorado River drainage) in Arizona, USA.
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 58.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 40637); common length : 25.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 12193); max. published weight: 2.4 kg (Ref. 40637)
Short description
Identification keys | Morphology | Morphometrics
Adults inhabit clear, cool mountain headwaters and creeks (generally above 2500 m elevation), and mountain lakes. Entire life history is spent in freshwater (Ref. 46888). A 95% (stream km) reduction in range has resulted due to hybridization with Oncorhynchus mykiss and competition from Salvelinus fontinalis and Salmo trutta.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr, 1991. A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston. 432 p. (Ref. 5723)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fisheries: subsistence fisheries; gamefish: yes
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