Preferred temperature (Ref.
115969): 4.3 - 21.1, mean 10.2 °C (based on 3474 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82805): PD
50 = 0.6270 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00102 (0.00046 - 0.00225), b=3.06 (2.88 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this BS (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 3.7 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
Resilience (Ref.
120179): Low, minimum population doubling time 4.5 - 14 years (K=0.30; assuming semelparity with tm>5).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (51 of 100) .
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): (0 of 100) .
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 19.5 [9.3, 38.7] mg/100g ; Iron = 0.424 [0.226, 0.827] mg/100g ; Protein = 18.9 [16.6, 21.2] % ; Omega3 = 0.307 [0.124, 0.856] g/100g ; Selenium = 25.2 [9.5, 64.5] μg/100g ; VitaminA = 3.33 [0.61, 18.04] μg/100g ; Zinc = 0.422 [0.278, 0.653] mg/100g (wet weight);