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Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) > Perciformes (Perch-likes) > Sciaenidae (Drums or croakers)
More on author: Bloch.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Marine; demersal; depth range ? - 60 m (Ref. 9772). Tropical; 29°N - 10°S, 48°E - 125°E

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf to Taiwan and south through the Philippines and Borneo to about the southern tip of Java.

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L_m 16.6, range 13 - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 9772); common length : 20.0 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 9772)

Short description Morphology | Morphometrics

Dorsal spines (total): 10 - 11; Dorsal soft rays (total): 224; Anal spines: 2; Anal soft rays: 7. Mental pores in 2 pairs, both small, the first pair at front of chin, separated by symphysis. Gill rakers slender, as long as gill filaments at angle of arch, 9-12 on lower limb. Dorsal fin with 22-24 soft rays. Second anal spine short, slender, 22-36 % of head length. Caudal fin truncate. Scales cycloid (smooth) on head and flanks. Swim bladder carrot-shaped, with 17-22 pairs of fan-like appendages along its sides, the first not entering head. Sagitta (large earstone) with a tadpole-shaped impression, the tail of which is hockey-stick-shaped. Nape with a diffused dusky blotch.

Occurs in inshore waters. Feeds on small crustaceans, benthic worms and small fishes. Marketed fresh and dried salted (Ref. 9772).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Sasaki, K., 2001. Sciaenidae. Croakers (drums). p.3117-3174. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Volume 5. Bony fishes part 3 (Menidae to Pomacentridae). Rome, FAO. pp. 2791-3380. (Ref. 9772)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 123251)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 01 July 2016

CITES (Ref. 118484)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

Fisheries: commercial

FAO(fisheries: production; publication : search) | FishSource | Sea Around Us

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Internet sources

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 24.7 - 29.2, mean 28.3 °C (based on 1510 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82805): PD₅₀ = 0.5312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01122 (0.00717 - 0.01755), b=3.06 (2.94 - 3.18), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 4.0 ±0.69 se; based on food items.

Generation time: 1.6 (0.8 - 2.1) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 14 growth studies.

Resilience (Ref. 120179): High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (K=0.53-1.94).

Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (26 of 100) .

Price category (Ref. 80766): High.

Pennahia anea (Bloch, 1793)