Umbrina cirrosa, Shi drum : fisheries, aquaculture, gamefish

Umbrina cirrosa (Linnaeus, 1758)

Shi drum
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Umbrina cirrosa   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Umbrina cirrosa (Shi drum)
Umbrina cirrosa
Picture by De Sanctis, A.

Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes(genus, species) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Actinopteri (ray-finned fishes) > Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) > Sciaenidae (Drums or croakers)
Etymology: Umbrina: Latin, umbra, -ae = shadow, in the sense of phantom; due to its quick movements (Ref. 45335).  More on author: Linnaeus.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Marine; demersal; depth range 0 - 100 m (Ref. 3593).   Subtropical; 50°N - 30°N, 18°W - 42°E

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Eastern Atlantic: Bay of Biscay and Gibraltar to southern Morocco, including the Mediterranean, Black Sea and Sea of Azov. Records south of Morocco have not been supported with descriptions.

Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 73.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 40637); common length : 40.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 3593); max. published weight: 3.1 kg (Ref. 40637)

Short description Morphology | Morphometrics

Dorsal soft rays (total): 22-23

Biology     Glossary (e.g. epibenthic)

Found over rocky and sandy bottoms in coastal waters. Juveniles enter estuaries. Feed on bottom invertebrates.

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Group synchronous oocytes. A multiple-batch spawner (Ref. 109248).

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Chao, L.N. and E. Trewavas, 1990. Sciaenidae. p. 813-826. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3593)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 123251)

  Vulnerable (VU) (A2b); Date assessed: 30 July 2019

CITES (Ref. 123416)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Harmless





Human uses

Fisheries: minor commercial; aquaculture: experimental; gamefish: yes
FAO - Aquaculture: production; Fisheries: landings; Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us

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Internet sources

Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: genus, species | DiscoverLife | DORIS | ECOTOX | FAO - Aquaculture: production; Fisheries: landings; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: genome, nucleotide | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | National databases | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | Public aquariums | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: Go, Search | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 13.3 - 21, mean 18 °C (based on 276 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82805):  PD50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00891 (0.00570 - 0.01393), b=3.06 (2.93 - 3.19), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).
Trophic level (Ref. 69278):  3.4   ±0.46 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 3.9 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1 growth studies.
Resilience (Ref. 120179):  Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (K=0.28).
Prior r = 0.99, 95% CL = 0.65 - 1.48, Based on 2 stock assessments.
Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Moderate vulnerability (40 of 100) .
Price category (Ref. 80766):   Very high.
Nutrients (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 69.7 [34.5, 132.9] mg/100g ; Iron = 1.08 [0.65, 1.84] mg/100g ; Protein = 19.9 [18.9, 20.9] % ; Omega3 = 0.318 [0.196, 0.477] g/100g ; Selenium = 42 [22, 76] μg/100g ; VitaminA = 6.74 [2.42, 21.50] μg/100g ; Zinc = 0.727 [0.501, 1.129] mg/100g (wet weight);