Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Marine; benthopelagic; depth range 6 - ? m (Ref. 88915). Temperate
Southwest Pacific: Australia (including Lord Howe Island), Norfolk Island and New Zealand (including Kermadec Islands).
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 20.0 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 28618)
Occurs inshore (Ref. 75154).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Francis, M.P., 1993. Checklist of the coastal fishes of Lord Howe, Norfolk, and Kermadec Islands, Southwest Pacific Ocean. Pac. Sci. 47(2):136-170. (Ref. 8879)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 125652)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
More information
Common namesSynonymsMetabolismPredatorsEcotoxicologyReproductionMaturitySpawningSpawning aggregationFecundityEggsEgg development
ReferencesAquacultureAquaculture profileStrainsGeneticsAllele frequenciesHeritabilityDiseasesProcessingNutrientsMass conversion
Tools
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Internet sources
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
115969): 16.2 - 23.3, mean 18.5 °C (based on 109 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82805): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01479 (0.00678 - 0.03229), b=3.08 (2.89 - 3.27), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Subfamily-BS (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 2.0 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
Resilience (Ref.
120179): High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (14 of 100) .
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): (0 of 100) .
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 45.6 [23.5, 93.3] mg/100g ; Iron = 0.367 [0.215, 0.622] mg/100g ; Protein = 17.6 [16.5, 18.7] % ; Omega3 = 0.459 [0.222, 0.909] g/100g ; Selenium = 12.7 [5.6, 30.1] μg/100g ; VitaminA = 10.2 [2.4, 44.7] μg/100g ; Zinc = 0.88 [0.55, 1.40] mg/100g (wet weight);