| 主要參考文獻 | Whitehead, P.J.P., 1985 |
| 形態描述的性別 | |
| Bones in OsteoBase |
| 特殊器官 | no special organs |
| 不同的外表 | males alike females |
| 不同的顏色 | males alike females |
| 附註 |
| 顯著的特徵 | none |
| 側面體型 (shape guide) | fusiform / normal |
| 橫切面 | compressed |
| 頭部背面描繪 | more or less straight |
| 眼的類型 | more or less normal |
| 口/吻尖的類型 | more or less normal |
| 口的位置 | sub-terminal/inferior |
| Type of scales | ctenoid scales |
| 鑑別 |
Body depth increasing with size of fish. Second supra-maxilla a mere splint. Lower gill rakers 100 to 166; longest gill rakers on lower part of arch less than corresponding gill filaments. Teeth on hind edge of scales wider than gaps between them; a median series of pre-dorsal scales. A large dark mark behind gill opening, followed by longitudinal streaks along flank. |
| 鑑定難易度 |
| 側線 | 打斷: No |
| 側線上的鱗片 | 38 - 45 |
| 側線上鱗片數 | |
| 側生系列的鱗片 | |
| 側線上的鱗片列 | 0 - 0 |
| 側線下的鱗片列 | 0 - 0 |
| 尾梗周圍的鱗片 | |
| 觸鬚 | 0 |
| 鰓裂 (僅限於鯊魚/ 魟魚) | |
| 鰓耙 | |
| 在下肢上 | |
| 上枝鰓耙 | |
| 總數 | |
| 脊椎骨 | |
| 肛門前 | |
| 總數 |
| 屬性 | no striking attributes |
| 鰭數 | 1 |
| 離鰭號碼 | Dorsal 0 - 0 |
| Ventral 0 - 0 | |
| 棘總數 | 0 - 0 |
| 軟條總數 | |
| 脂鰭 | absent |
| 屬性 | forked; more or less normal |
| 鰭數 | 1 |
| 棘總數 | 0 - 0 |
| 軟條總數 | 22 - 28 |
| 胸鰭 | 屬性 more or less normal |
| 脊椎 0 | |
| 軟條 | |
| 骨盤的 | 屬性 more or less normal |
| 位置 abdominal behind origin of D1 | |
| 脊椎 0 | |
| 軟條 8 - 8 |