Pagellus erythrinus, Common pandora : fisheries, gamefish

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Pagellus erythrinus (Linnaeus, 1758)

Common pandora
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Pagellus erythrinus   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Pagellus erythrinus (Common pandora)
Pagellus erythrinus
Picture by Hernández-González, C.L.

Portugal territory information

Common names: Bica, Bicançao, Bicudo
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: occasional (usually not seen) | Ref: Veiga, P., J. Ribeiro, J.M.S. Gonçalves and K. Erzini, 2010
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments: Recorded from the south and southwest coast (Ref. 85184).
National Checklist: Portugal
Territory Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/po.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Bauchot, M.-L., 1987
National Database: Portuguese Freshwater Fishes

Common names from other countries

Pageot commun, Breca, Becker, ... more

Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes(genus, species) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei (teleosts) > Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) > Sparidae (Porgies)
Etymology: Pagellus: Diminutive of Latin, pager, derived from Greek, pagros = a fish, Dentex sp. (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Marine; benthopelagic; depth range ? - 300 m (Ref. 4781), usually 20 - 100 m (Ref. 4781). Subtropical; 63°N - 10°N, 32°W - 42°E

Distribution Territories | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Eastern Atlantic: Norway and the Mediterranean to Guinea-Bissau (Ref. 26999), including Cape Verde, Madeira and the Canary Islands. Rarely recorded in Scandinavia (Ref. 4781).

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: Lm 14.2, range 13 - 16 cm
Max length : 60.0 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 4781); common length : 25.0 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 4781); max. published weight: 3.2 kg (Ref. 40637)

Short description Identification keys | Morphology | Morphometrics

Dorsal spines (total): 12; Dorsal soft rays (total): 10 - 11; Anal spines: 3; Anal soft rays: 8 - 9. Body red without stripes or bars. Snout at least twice as long as the eye diameter (Ref. 35388).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.

Biology     Glossary (e.g. epibenthic)

Found on inshore waters, on various bottom (rock, gravel, sand and mud) to 200 m (Mediterranean) or 300 m (Atlantic) and move to deeper waters during winter. Omnivorous, but feed mainly on benthic invertebrates and small fishes (Ref. 3688). Protogynic hermaphrodites, females become males first in their third year with sizes of about 17 cm. Important food fish.

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Possibly two spawning periods in the southern Mediterranean (Ref. 4781). Length at which sex change possibly occurs is between 12.8 and 20.3 cm FL (Ref. 57849).

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Bauchot, M.-L. and J.-C. Hureau, 1990. Sparidae. p. 790-812. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3688)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))

  Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 17 August 2009

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 4690)





Human uses

Fisheries: commercial; gamefish: yes
FAO - Aquaculture systems: production; Fisheries: landings; Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us

More information

Trophic ecology
Food items (preys)
Diet composition
Food consumption
Food rations
Predators
Ecology
Ecology
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Population dynamics
Growth parameters
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Recruitment
Abundance
Life cycle
Reproduction
Maturity
Maturity/Gills rel.
Fecundity
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References

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Summary page | Point data | Common names | Photos

Internet sources

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: genus, species | DiscoverLife | DORIS | ECOTOX | FAO - Aquaculture systems: production; Fisheries: landings; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | National databases | OneZoom | Open Tree of Life | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | Public aquariums | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | TreeBase | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: Go, Search | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 12.2 - 21, mean 17.2 °C (based on 492 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5156   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01000 (0.00905 - 0.01105), b=3.01 (2.99 - 3.03), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
Trophic level (Ref. 69278):  3.5   ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 6.1 (5.4 - 7.3) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 18 growth studies.
Resilience (Ref. 120179):  Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (K=0.24; tm=1-2; tmax=13; Fec=31,000).
Prior r = 0.54, 95% CL = 0.35 - 0.80, Based on 8 full stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Moderate vulnerability (40 of 100). 🛈
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649):  Moderate vulnerability (41 of 100). 🛈
Price category (Ref. 80766):   Medium.
Nutrients (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 101 [50, 194] mg/100g; Iron = 0.546 [0.317, 0.919] mg/100g; Protein = 19.7 [18.6, 20.9] %; Omega3 = 0.384 [0.256, 0.577] g/100g; Selenium = 88.3 [41.4, 196.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 8.36 [2.06, 37.61] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.449 [0.331, 0.672] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies.