Engraulis encrasicolus, European anchovy : fisheries, bait

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Engraulis encrasicolus (Linnaeus, 1758)

European anchovy
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Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Engraulis encrasicolus   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Engraulis encrasicolus (European anchovy)
Engraulis encrasicolus
Photo von Dammous, S.

Poland country information

Common names: Sardela
Occurrence: native
Salinity: marine
Abundance: scarce (very unlikely) | Ref: Winkler, H.M., K. Skora, R. Repecka, M. Ploks, A. Neelov, L. Urho, A. Gushin and H. Jespersen, 2000
Importance: | Ref:
Aquaculture: | Ref:
Regulations: | Ref:
Uses: no uses
Comments:
National Checklist:
Country Information: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/pl.html
National Fisheries Authority:
Occurrences: Occurrences Point map
Main Ref: Winkler, H.M., K. Skora, R. Repecka, M. Ploks, A. Neelov, L. Urho, A. Gushin and H. Jespersen, 2000
National Database:

Common names from other countries

Anchois, Boquerón, Анчоус европейский, ... more

Klassifizierung / Names Namen | Synonyme | Catalog of Fishes(Gattung, Arten) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Clupeiformes (Herrings) > Engraulidae (Anchovies) > Engraulinae
Etymology: Engraulis: Greek, eggraulis, -eos = anchovy (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / Tiefenbereich / distribution range Ökologie

seewasser; brackwasser pelagic-neritic; ozeanodrom (Ref. 51243); tiefenbereich 0 - 400 m (Ref. 2683). Subtropical; 62°N - 37°S, 18°W - 42°E (Ref. 54230)

Verbreitung Länder | FAO Gebiete | Ecosystems | Vorkommen | Punkt Karte | Einführungen | Faunafri

Eastern Atlantic: Bergen, Norway to East London, South Africa (perhaps reaching Durban) (Ref. 10000). Also all of Mediterranean, Black and Azov seas, with stray individuals in Suez Canal and Gulf of Suez; also recorded from St. Helena (Ref. 189). Reported from Estonia (Ref. 33247).

Length at first maturity / Size / Gewicht / Alter

Geschlechtsreife: Lm 10.1, range 9 - 14 cm
Max length : 20.0 cm SL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 189); common length : 13.5 cm SL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 189); max. veröff. Gewicht: 0.00 g; max. veröff. Alter: 5 Jahre (Ref. 92145)

Kurzbeschreibung Bestimmungsschlüssel | Morphologie | Morphometrie

Rückenflossenstacheln (insgesamt) : 0; Rückenflossenweichstrahlen (insgesamt) : 16 - 18; Afterflossenstacheln: 0; Afterflossenweichstrahlen: 13 - 15; Wirbelzahl: 46 - 47. Snout pointed; maxilla short, tip blunt, reaching almost to front border of pre-operculum, not projecting beyond tip of second supra-maxilla; tip of lower jaw reaching almost to below nostril. Gill rakers present on hind face of third epibranchial. Pseudobranch longer than eye, reaching onto inner face of operculum. A silver stripe along flank, disappearing with age.
Body shape (shape guide): elongated; Cross section: oval.

Biologie     Fachlexikon (Englisch) (z.B. epibenthic)

Mainly oceanic, marine species, forming large schools (see Ref. 126017:598). Tolerates salinities of 5-41 ppt and in some areas, enters lagoons, estuaries and lakes, especially during spawning. Tends to move further north and into surface waters in summer, retreating and descending in winter. Feeds on planktonic organisms. Spawns from April to November with peaks usually in the warmest months. Eggs are ellipsoidal to oval, floating in the upper 50 m and hatching in 24-65 hours. Marketed fresh, dried, smoked, canned and frozen; made into fish meal (Ref. 9987).

Life cycle and mating behavior Geschlechtsreife | Fortpflanzung | Ablaichen | Eier | Fecundity | Larven

Pelagic spawners. Gametogenesis is continuous, multiple spawning. Spawning peaks are usually in the warmer months which makes this species a spring-summer spawner. The limits of the spawning season is dependent on temperature and is therefore more restricted in northern areas. Sex ratio: 45% female (Ref. 5580).

Hauptreferenz Upload your references | Referenzen | Koordinator | Partner

Whitehead, P.J.P., G.J. Nelson and T. Wongratana, 1988. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (Suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/2):305-579. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 189)

IUCN Rote Liste Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-1)

  nicht bedroht (LC) ; Date assessed: 23 May 2013

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Bedrohung für Menschen

  Harmless





Nutzung durch Menschen

Fischereien: hoch kommerziell; Köder: usually
FAO - Fischereien: landings, Artbeschreibung; Publication: search | FIRMS - Stock assessments | FishSource | Sea Around Us

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Internet Quellen

AFORO (otoliths) | Alien/Invasive Species database | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | FishWatcher Einträge suchen | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: Gattung, Arten | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Fischereien: landings, Artbeschreibung; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | Nationale Datenbanken | OneZoom | Open Tree of Life | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | Öffentliche Aquarien | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | TreeBase | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: Gehe zu, Suchen | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 7.1 - 18, mean 10.8 °C (based on 667 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5020   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00457 (0.00413 - 0.00505), b=3.10 (3.07 - 3.13), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
Trophic level (Ref. 69278):  3.1   ±0.36 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 2.0 (1.6 - 2.8) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 47 growth studies.
Widerstandsfähigkeit (Ref. 120179):  mittel, Verdopplung der Population dauert 1,4 - 4,4 Jahre. (K=0.3-1.73; tmax=6; Fec =13,000-503,000).
Prior r = 0.59, 95% CL = 0.39 - 0.89, Based on 21 full stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Low to moderate vulnerability (29 of 100). 🛈
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649):  Low vulnerability (9 of 100). 🛈
Preiskategorie (Ref. 80766):   Medium.
Nutrients (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 170 [78, 369] mg/100g; Iron = 1.21 [0.63, 2.85] mg/100g; Protein = 18.7 [17.6, 20.0] %; Omega3 = 0.976 [0.611, 1.574] g/100g; Selenium = 19.1 [9.3, 36.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 15.5 [4.4, 51.5] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.24 [0.79, 1.84] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies.