分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Holocentriformes (Squirrelfishes, soldierfishes)
金眼鯛目 (Squirrelfishes, soldierfishes) >
Holocentridae (Squirrelfishes, soldierfishes)
金鱗魚科 (Squirrelfishes, soldierfishes) > Holocentrinae
Etymology: Sargocentron: Greek, sargos = sargus + Greek, kentron = sting (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Forsskål.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 礁區魚類; 深度上下限 1 - 84 m (Ref. 27370). 亞熱帶的; 35°N - 35°S, 32°E - 173°W (Ref. 27370)
Indo-West Pacific: Red Sea to the western Pacific where it ranges from southern Japan to New Caledonia, Vanuatu and New South Wales, Australia. Recently recorded from Tonga (Ref. 53797). Not yet recorded from any oceanic island in the western Indian Ocean. Invaded eastern Mediterranean via the Suez Canal.
印度-西太平洋: 紅海到西太平洋在哪裡它的範圍從日本南部到新加勒多尼亞與澳洲新南威爾斯。 最近從東加記錄。 (參考文獻 53797) 已經不再從任何的西印度洋的大洋性島嶼記錄。 經由蘇伊士運河侵入了地中海東部。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 14.7 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 32.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 5213); common length : 27.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 43448)
背棘 (總數): 11; 背的軟條 (總數): 12-14; 臀棘 4; 臀鰭軟條: 8 - 10. Body with subequal stripes of brownish red and silvery white; spinous dorsal dark red with a large, quadrangular, whitish blotch in middle of each membrane (except the first) forming a median band; dorsal membrane tips white, except posteriorly (Ref. 4201). Five oblique scale rows on cheek; body depth 2.5-2.8 in SL; head length (HL) 2.65-2.85 in SL; short and blunt snout, its length 4.25-4.7 in HL; interorbital width 4.5 in HL; mouth terminal to slightly inferior, maxilla usually extending nearly to or a short distance beyond a vertical through center of eye, upper jaw length 2.5-2.75 in HL; premaxillary groove often ending above anterior edge of orbit; anterior end of nasal bone with a blunt spine; surface or medial edge of nasal bone spineless; nasal fossa usually without spinules on its edge; upper edge of 1st suborbital bone with a slightly retrorse lateral spine a short distance posterior to a vertical at front edge of eye, followed by a ridge of recumbent spinules; preopercular spine usually about 2/3 orbit diameter, 3.2-5.3 in HL; 3rd-5th dorsal spines subequal, longest in adults 1.9-2.3 in HL; 3rd anal spine 1.35-1.6 in HL (Ref. 27370).
身體有幾乎相等斑紋紅褐色而銀白色; 刺狀的背部暗紅色在形成一個中央的條紋的每個薄膜 (除了第一個以外) 的中央中具有一個大的﹐四邊形的﹐和微白色的斑塊; 背部的薄膜頂端白色, 除了後部。 (參考文獻 4201) 在頰上的五列斜的鱗片列; 體高 2.5-2.8 分之一標準體長; 頭長 (HL)2.65-2.85 分之一標準體長; 短與鈍的吻, 它的長度 4.25-4.7個 HL比率; 眼間骨寬度 4.5個 HL比率; 口端位到些微下方, 顎骨通常幾乎延伸到或短的距離超過一垂直的經過中央的眼, 上頜長度 2.5-2.75個 HL比率; 上頜骨前的凹槽時常在眼窩的前緣上面的終止; 鼻骨的前端具有一個鈍的棘; 鼻骨的表面或中間邊緣無棘的; 鼻窩通常沒有小刺在它的邊緣; 第一眶下骨的上緣具有一個些微逆向側面的棘短的距離在被跟隨著一個靠著小刺的脊的眼的在前緣的一條垂直線後面; 前鰓蓋骨棘通常大約 2/3 眼窩直徑,3.2-5.3個 HL比率; 第三到第五背棘幾乎相等的, 長的當成魚時 1.9-2.3個 HL比率; 第三個臀鰭硬棘 1.35-1.6個 HL比率.(參考文獻 27370)
Found in coastal reefs (Ref. 9710); silty reefs or wrecks in lagoons, bays, or harbors (Ref. 27370), may occur in aggregations; also found hidden in caves and cracks of rocks during the day (Ref. 12382, 48635), usually in areas subject to strong currents (Ref. 48635). Intertidal observations were also reported (Ref. 49162). Feed mainly on benthic crabs and shrimps (Ref. 2334), also preys on small fishes (Ref. 12382). Eggs and larvae are pelagic (Ref. 6746). Spine of preopercle venomous (Ref. 2334). Solitary or in groups (Ref 90102).
棲息於岸礁;(參考文獻 9710) 在潟湖，海灣或港灣 (參考文獻 27370) 中的淤泥礁或殘骸, 可能成群出現; 也被發現藏在岩石的洞穴與裂縫中在白天期間。 (參考文獻 12382,48635) 通常在受強烈水流支配的區域。 (參考文獻 48635) 主要吃底棲的螃蟹與蝦 (參考文獻 2334), 也捕食小魚.(參考文獻 12382) 前鰓蓋骨的棘有毒的.(參考文獻 2334)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
印度-西太平洋: 紅海到西太平洋在哪裡它的範圍從日本南部到新加勒多尼亞與澳洲新南威爾斯。 最近從東加記錄。 (參考文獻 53797) 已經不再從任何的西印度洋的大洋性島嶼記錄。 經由蘇伊士運河侵入了地中海東部。
Randall, J.E., 1998. Revision of the Indo-Pacific squirrelfishes (Beryciformes: Holocentridae: Holocentrinae) of the genus Sargocentron, with descriptions of four new species. Indo-Pac. Fish. (27):105 p. (Ref. 27370)
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟; 水族館: 公眾的水族館
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 25 - 29, mean 28.1 °C (based on 1372 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01738 (0.01406 - 0.02148), b=2.97 (2.92 - 3.02), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.3 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (17 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 37.1 [12.8, 126.2] mg/100g; Iron = 0.583 [0.214, 1.854] mg/100g; Protein = 19.5 [18.2, 20.7] %; Omega3 = 0.234 [0.086, 0.593] g/100g; Selenium = 22.1 [10.4, 47.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 26.4 [8.1, 94.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.15 [0.45, 2.29] mg/100g (wet weight);
