Cobitis taenia, Spined loach : aquarium

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Cobitis taenia Linnaeus, 1758

Spined loach
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Image of Cobitis taenia (Spined loach)
Cobitis taenia
Picture by Muséum-Aquarium de Nancy/D. Terver

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Teleostei > Cypriniformes (Carps) > Cobitidae (Spined loaches)
Etymology: Cobitis: Greek, kobitis, -idos = a kind of sardine; also related with the voice Greek, kobios, Latin gobius = gudgeon (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生态学

; 淡水 底中水层性; pH range: 7.0 - 7.7; dH range: 10 - 15; 河川洄游 (Ref. 51243). 溫帶; 14°C - 18°C (Ref. 1672); 62°N - 36°N, 7°W - 40°E

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Europe and Asia: Atlantic drainages from Loire northward; Baltic basin south of 61°N; upper olga and Ural drainages; northern Black Sea basin (except Danube). Ancient records from Ardour and Garonne drainages in France require confirmation (Ref. 59043).
歐洲與亞洲: 到西伯利亞的西班牙。 在伯恩公約的附錄 3 中 (受保育的動物群).

Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄

Maturity: Lm 5.3, range 8 - ? cm
Max length : 13.5 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 1441); 9.5 cm SL (female); common length : 5.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 556); 最大年龄: 5 年 (Ref. 59043)

简单描述 型态特徵 | 形态测量图

背棘 (总数): 3; 背的软条 (总数): 6-8; 臀棘 3; 臀鳍软条: 5; 脊椎骨: 40 - 42. Caudal fin with 15-16 rays (Ref. 2196). Single small spot on upper caudal base. Pigmentation (Gambetta's longitudinal zone of pigmentation): zones Z1-Z4 usually well differentiated, extending backward to caudal peduncle; height of blotches of zone Z4 usually less than 2 times in their length; if more than 2 times, then height equal to or greater than horizontal eye diameter. One lamina circularis (Ref. 59043).
尾鳍有 15-16个鳍条。 (参考文献 2196)

生物学特性     字汇 (例如 epibenthic)

Adults occur in slow-flowing and still waters with fine sandy substrate (Ref. 9696). They occur in the Baltic Sea at salinities of up to 5 ppt (Ref. 59043). Filter sand for food particles (Ref. 36876). Nocturnal, stays hidden under rocks or buried in the sand or mud during the day (Ref. 30578). Oviparous, with distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 205). Spawn in spring; scatters eggs into mats of plant material (Ref. 36876). Eggs are found attached to gravel and weed in shallow, flowing water (Ref. 41678). Larvae hide under vegetation and in debris until beginning of exogenous feeding (Ref. 59043).

出现于缓慢流动的与用细沙的底部静止的水域.(参考文献 9696) 过滤砂中粒子为食.(参考文献 36876) 夜行的, 躲藏在岩石下面或埋藏在砂或泥中在白天期间.(参考文献 30578) 产卵在春天; 把卵散布到丛集植物之内。 (参考文献 36876) 卵被发现在流动的浅滩中依附于砾石与杂草。 (参考文献 41678)

Life cycle and mating behavior 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼

Start of courtship is observed when both male and female swim excitedly then progresses to a chase done by the male. When movements become synchronised, the male entwines itself around the female's body, squeezing it and causing egg spawning (Ref. 58425). Triploid females can occur; they produce triploid eggs which can develop without fertilization, but need contact with sperm to start development (gynogenesis) (Ref. 36876). Also Ref. 9953.歐洲與亞洲: 到西伯利亞的西班牙。 在伯恩公約的附錄 3 中 (受保育的動物群).

主要参考文献 Upload your references | 参考文献 | 合作者 | 合作者

Vostradovsky, J., 1973. Freshwater fishes. The Hamlyn Publishing Group Limited, London. 252 p. (Ref. 9696)

世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435)

  最不相关 (LC) ; Date assessed: 05 March 2010

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

对人类的威胁

  无害处的





人类利用

渔业: 没有兴趣; 水族馆: 公众的水族馆
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

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Estimates based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00479 (0.00290 - 0.00790), b=3.10 (2.96 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).
营养阶层 (Ref. 69278):  3.3   ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
回复力 (Ref. 120179):  中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (tm=1-2; tmax=8; K=0.29-0.59; Fec=100-1,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Low to moderate vulnerability (33 of 100).