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> Osteoglossiformes (Bony tongues) > Mormyridae (Elephantfishes)
Etymology: Hyperopisus: Greek, yper = over, up + Greek, pisos, -eos, ous = a wet place.
More on author: Lacepède.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecología

; agua dulce; salobre demersal; potamodromo (Ref. 51243). Tropical; 22°C - 24°C (Ref. 12468)

Distribución Países | Áreas FAO | Ecosistemas | Ocurrencias, apariciones | Point map | Introducciones | Faunafri

Africa: all Sahelo-Sudanese river basins (Ref. 81274), including the Senegal, Gambia, Niger, Volta, Ouémé, Ogun and Chad (Ref. 2915). Also in the Nile basin, up to the Albert and Murchison Niles (Ref. 3203).

Length at first maturity / Tamaño / Peso / Age

Maturity: L_m 33.0 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 51.0 cm SL macho / no sexado; (Ref. 2915); peso máximo publicado: 1.0 kg (Ref. 3799)

Short description Morfología | Morfometría

Espinas dorsales (total): 0; Radios blandos dorsales (total): 12-16; Espinas anales 0; Radios blandos anales: 52 - 71. Diagnosis: body depth 3.5-6.2 times in SL, head length 4.5-6.2 times (Ref. 2915, 4903, 81274). Head length 1.6-2.3 times greater than its width (Ref. 2915, 81274) and 6-13.5 times greater than eye diameter (Ref. 81274). Dorsal head profile strongly curved (Ref. 4903), rounded, snout short, thick and blunt (Ref. 81274). Eye small, diameter 1/6 (in young fishes) to 1/9 of head length in adults; mouth small and terminal, teeth notched, 3-5 in upper and 4-6 in lower jaw (Ref. 4903). Anal fin with 52-71 rays, its origin about equidistant from snout tip and caudal-fin base (Ref. 81274). Dorsal fin very short (Ref. 28714, 81274), one fifth or less of the anal fin length (Ref. 4903, 28714), with 12-16 rays (Ref. 4903, 81274) of which the first 2-3 unbranched (Ref. 4903). Anal-fin base 4-7.7 times longer than dorsal-fin base; pectoral fins 1.1- 1.7 times in head length; pelvic fins about half as long as the pectorals (Ref. 2915, 81274). 90-120 lateral line scales (Ref. 4903, 81274) and 16-20 (exceptionally 22) around caudal peduncle (Ref. 81274). Depth of caudal peduncle 1.5-3.6 times in its length (Ref. 2915, 81274). Coloration: ground color silvery, back darker, olivaceous, brownish or yellowish, with scattered black dots in adults; belly greyish; neck greyish or white; fins greyish (Ref. 81274).

Inhabits both still and flowing waters; breeds in the flood season; feeds on mollusks (Ref. 28714). Possesses electroreceptors over the entire head and on the ventral and dorsal regions of the body, but absent from the side and the caudal peduncle where the electric organ is located (Ref. 10011). Its electric organ discharge (EOD) is steroid-sensitive (Ref. 10763; 10764). Fecundity value of 18,924 eggs has been reported for this species (Ref. 10607).

Life cycle and mating behavior Madurez | Reproducción | Puesta | Huevos | Fecundidad | Larva

Main reference Upload your references | Referencias | Coordinador | Colaboradores

Bigorne, R., 1990. Mormyridae. p. 122-184. In C. Lévêque, D. Paugy and G.G. Teugels (eds.) Faune des poissons d'eaux saumâtres d'Afrique de l'Ouest. tome 1. Faune Trop. 28. Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, and ORSTOM, Paris. (Ref. 2915)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 23 October 2019

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

Pesquerías: comercial

FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

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Estimates based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01175 (0.00696 - 0.01983), b=2.82 (2.68 - 2.96), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).

Nivel trófico (Ref. 69278): 3.6 ±0.50 se; based on food items.

Resiliencia (Ref. 120179): Medio, población duplicada en un tiempo mínimo de 1.4-4.4 años (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Moderate vulnerability (45 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Unknown.

Nutrients (Ref. 124155): Calcium = 162 [71, 330] mg/100g; Iron = 1.11 [0.53, 2.16] mg/100g; Protein = 17.7 [15.3, 20.0] %; Omega3 = 0.289 [0.166, 0.489] g/100g; Selenium = 50.9 [26.5, 98.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 19 [8, 48] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.27 [0.88, 2.35] mg/100g (wet weight);

Hyperopisus bebe (Lacepède, 1803)