Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Sinh thái học
Biển; Nước ngọt; Thuộc về nước lợ gần đáy. Temperate
Eurasia: Caspian Sea; in Volga upriver to Astrakhan until 1977, spreaded out to Lakes Ivankovskoje and Rybinskoje (2000); invaded Don drainage (Black Sea basin) through Volga-Don canal (first record in 1972). Abundant in Lake Tsimlyansk and lower Don.
Bộ gần gũi / Khối lượng (Trọng lượng) / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 32.6 cm TL con đực/không giới tính; (Ref. 85452); common length : 12.0 cm SL con đực/không giới tính; (Ref. 2058)
This species is distinguished from its congeners in the Caspian Sea basin by the following characters: 75-95 % of distance between its origin and anus; ctenoid scales completely cover predorsal area and nape; pelvic disc fraenum with angular lobes, fraenum length 1/6-1/2 of its width at base; scales in midlateral series 68-72 + 3-4; snout length 1.5-1.6 times in eye diameter; interorbital distance 0.8-0.9 times eye diameter; first branched ray of second dorsal about as long as penultimate ray; posterior part of first dorsal without black spot. This species is different from N. kessleri in the area in having a distinctive karyotype, some osteological characters and cycloid scales on opercle and anterior part of the nape (vs. ctenoid) (Ref. 59043).
Inhabitant of inshore areas, estuaries, brackish and fresh water of lagoons and lakes, large rivers, harbours, on rock (stone or firm sand) bottom; mainly on well vegetated bottom (Ref.13696, 59043). Most females spawn for the first time at 1 year, males at 2 years, in April-May, rarely until July. Adhesive eggs are deposited on stones, shells and aquatic plants and the males guard the eggs after hatching. Feeds mostly on small fish, as well as a wide variety of invertebrates (Ref.59043).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Chín muồi sinh dục | Sự tái sinh sản | Đẻ trứng | Các trứng | Sự sinh sản | Ấu trùng
Kottelat, M., 1997. European freshwater fishes. An heuristic checklist of the freshwater fishes of Europe (exclusive of former USSR), with an introduction for non-systematists and comments on nomenclature and conservation. Biologia, Bratislava, 52/Suppl. 5:1-271. (Ref. 13696)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5001 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01259 (0.00681 - 0.02326), b=3.24 (3.08 - 3.40), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Mức dinh dưỡng (Ref.
69278): 3.8 ±0.4 se; based on diet studies.
Thích nghi nhanh (Ref.
120179): Trung bình, thời gian nhân đôi của chủng quần tối thiểu là 1.4 - 4.4 năm (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (23 of 100).