分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Chondrostei >
Acipenseriformes (Sturgeons and paddlefishes) >
Acipenseridae (Sturgeons) > Acipenserinae
Etymology: Acipenser: Latin, acipenser = sturgeon, 1853 (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
; 淡水; 半咸淡水 居于水底的; pH range: 7.0 - 7.5; dH range: ? - 20; 河川洄游 (Ref. 57765); 深度上下限 0 - 200 m (Ref. 57765), usually 1 - 8 m (Ref. 57765). 溫帶; 1°C - 19°C (Ref. 57765); 74°N - 46°N, 64°E - 162°E
Asia: Siberia, rivers Ob, Irtysh, Yenisei, Lena, Kolyma, Khatanga, Pyasina, Anabar, Olenyok, Yana and Lake Baikal (Ref. 57765). Non-migratory populations exist in all river systems (Ref. 57765).
前蘇聯與亞洲: 西伯利亞，鄂畢河，艾迪殊河，葉尼塞河，莉娜，科力馬河。 一些非迴游性族群在艾迪殊河河流域中存在。 不夠已知的而且人工地繁殖。 在 Indigirka 河中的瀕臨絕種的動物。 國際間的買賣限制。 ( 引用 附錄 2, 自從 1.4.1998 以後)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 95.5, range 65 - 167 cm
Max length : 200 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 40476); 最大体重: 210.0 kg (Ref. 59043); 最大年龄: 63 年 (Ref. 57765)
Extended snouts; four barbels in front of the mouth (Ref. 4639). The back is light grey to dark brown colored. The belly color varies from white to clear yellow. Five row s of scutes: 10-19D, 32-59L, 7-16V. Small star-like scutes between the main ones. Clearly slit inferior lip (Ref. 40476).
扩大的吻; 在嘴巴之前的四个触须.(参考文献 4639) 背部淡灰色到深褐色。 腹面颜色改变从白色到鲜黄色。 鳞甲的五列 s: 10-19D ， 32-59L,7-16V. 在主要的一些之间的小星状的鳞甲。 清楚地裂缝下方的唇.(参考文献 40476)
Found in deep and shallow parts of rivers, with moderate to swift current usually at depths of 1 to 8 m (Ref. 57765). Adults live essentially in freshwater although some fish frequently occur in estuaries. Males are sexually mature between 9 and 29 years; females between 9 and 34 years (Ref. 57765). Spawn in main river channel over stone-gravel or gravel-sand bottom and with strong current (Ref. 59043).
报告在淡水的 Shakujii 孵卵所中达到 153 的长度 TL(大约 30,000 g) 。 (参考文献 9978) 虽然一些鱼时常出现在河口，实质上生活于淡水。 雄性在 9-15 年之间性成熟; 在 16-20 年之间的雌性.(参考文献 11941)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Potamodromous species (Ref. 57765). In a natural environment, males reach sexual maturity at 9-1 5 years of age and females at 16-20 years (in water recirculation systems, sexual maturity can first occur at 5 years). Spawning happens in the summer and generally every two years. Membranes on eggs become increasingly more sticky after fertilization and this allows them to stick to the substratum. This can become a problem in nurseries, but it is solved by washing the eggs in clay or diatomaceous earth suspensions. Caviar (not fecundated ovocites ) can be over 1 0% of the corporal weight of a mature female. Incubation
lasts about 1 6 days (at 10-1 5°). Larval development lasts about 20 days (at 18°). Egg size 3.0-3.6 mm, larval length at hatching 10-12 mm.前蘇聯與亞洲: 西伯利亞，鄂畢河，艾迪殊河，葉尼塞河，莉娜，科力馬河。 一些非迴游性族群在艾迪殊河河流域中存在。 不夠已知的而且人工地繁殖。 在 Indigirka 河中的瀕臨絕種的動物。 國際間的買賣限制。 ( 引用 附錄 2, 自從 1.4.1998 以後)
Baillie, J. and B. Groombridge (eds.), 1996. 1996 IUCN red list of threatened animals. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland. 378 p. (Ref. 12255)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435)
极度濒危 (CR) (A2bd); Date assessed: 14 September 2019
人类利用
渔业: 高经济性; 养殖: 商业性; 水族馆: 公众的水族馆
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特别资料
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00269 (0.00156 - 0.00465), b=3.26 (3.12 - 3.40), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 非常低的, 最小族群倍增时间超过14 年 (tm=7-34; tmax=63; Fec=16,500-420,000; K=0.03).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (87 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 15.6 [9.1, 26.8] mg/100g; Iron = 0.253 [0.156, 0.402] mg/100g; Protein = 17.3 [14.8, 20.1] %; Omega3 = 0.381 [0.218, 0.653] g/100g; Selenium = 25.6 [13.5, 47.2] μg/100g; VitaminA = 6.04 [2.17, 16.19] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.514 [0.371, 0.719] mg/100g (wet weight);
