分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Cichliformes (Cichlids, convict blennies)
鱸形目 (Cichlids, convict blennies) >
Cichlidae (Cichlids)
慈鯛科魚類 (Cichlids) > Cichlinae
Etymology: Cichla: Greek, kichle = wrasse (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
; 淡水 底中水層性; pH range: 5.5 - 6.5. 熱帶; 27°C - 29°C (Ref. 13614)
South America: Orinoco River basin, in tributaries of the Orinoco River in Colombia and Venezuela; Amazon River basin, in the Negro River basin, Brazil.
南美洲: 奧里諾科河河流域, 在哥倫比亞與委內瑞拉的奧里諾科河河的支流; 亞馬遜河流域, 在尼格羅河流域。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 28.0, range 26 - 30 cm
Max length : 61.7 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 36377); 最大體重: 6.2 kg (Ref. 72380)
Diagnosis: Differs from its congeners by typical presence of three large dark ocellated blotches along side, but occasionally blotches 2 and 3 irregularly developed or not ocellated. Lateral band abbreviated in juveniles. Differs from other species of Cichla with abbreviated juvenile lateral band by absence (vs. presence) of well defined vertical bars in adults; from ocellaris also by lateral line nearly always discontinuous vs. nearly always continuous, by absence (vs. presence) of bars 1a and 2a and absence (vs. presence) of abdominal blotches; from kelberi, monoculus, and pleiozona also by absence (vs. presence) of abdominal blotches and occipital bar, and presence (vs. absence) of postorbital markings; from nigromaculata also by absence (vs. presence) of bars 1a and 2a, and absence (vs. presence) of small black blotches on dorsum (Ref. 57716).
鑑別: 有別於它的同類被典型的沿著側邊有三個大的深色眼狀的斑塊, 但是偶然地不規則地發展的斑塊 2 與 3 眼狀的。 側面的條紋在稚魚中縮寫。 用缺乏 (vs. 出現) 的小型幼年側面的條紋有別於其他 Cichla 的種很清晰縱帶當成魚時; 從 ocellaris 也藉著側線幾乎總是不連續的 vs. 幾乎總是連續的, 藉著缺少橫帶 1(vs. 出現) 一與 2 一與缺少腹部斑塊(vs. 出現); 從 kelberi ， monoculus 與 pleiozona 也藉著缺少腹部斑塊(vs. 出現) 與後頭骨的橫帶 , 與眼眶後斑紋的出現 (vs. 缺乏); 從 nigromaculata 也藉著缺少橫帶 1(vs. 出現) 一與 2 一, 與在背面上的缺少小黑色的斑塊(vs. 出現).(參考文獻 57716)
Inhabits rivers (Ref. 12251). Is usually captured in shallow near-shore areas of lagoons and slow moving reaches of the river channel. Feeds mainly on small characiform fish (Ref. 26329, 27531).
棲息於河。 (參考文獻 12251) 通常是在河峽道的潟湖與緩慢移動的範圍的水淺近岸區域捕獲。 主要吃小的脂鯉魚。 (參考文獻 26329,27531)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
南美洲: 奧里諾科河河流域, 在哥倫比亞與委內瑞拉的奧里諾科河河的支流; 亞馬遜河流域, 在尼格羅河流域。
Kullander, S.O. and E.J.G. Ferreira, 2006. A review of the South American cichlid genus Cichla, with descriptions of nine new species. Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwat. 17(4):289-398. (Ref. 57716)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 05 November 2020
人類使用
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參考文獻養殖養殖資訊品種遺傳學Electrophoreses遺傳率疾病加工NutrientsMass conversion
合作者照片Stamps, Coins Misc.聲音神經毒速度泳型鰓區Otoliths腦重體重比眼睛色素
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01288 (0.00694 - 0.02391), b=3.04 (2.88 - 3.20), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.5 ±0.6 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (K=0.08).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (50 of 100).
