分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 半咸淡水 礁区鱼类; 深度上下限 1 - 75 m (Ref. 9710). 热带; 43°N - 32°S, 31°E - 168°W
Indo-Pacific: East Africa eastward through northern Australia extending to Samoa; north to southern Japan.
印度-太平洋: 东非南至南非的德尔班 (参考文献 4420) 而且向东经过印度尼西亚到美属萨摩亚, 北至日本南部而且南至新加勒多尼亚。
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 50.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 2334)
背棘 (总数): 3; 背的软条 (总数): 25-27; 臀棘 0; 臀鳍软条: 21 - 27; 脊椎骨: 18. Unique color pattern of large white spots on belly, black spots on yellow background on the back, yellow snout. A white or yellowish band across snout in front of eye. Lips and the area around mouth orange-yellow. A broad vertical white, slightly yellowish band on caudal fin. Scales enlarged above pectoral-fin base and just behind gill opening to form a flexible tympanum. Rows of small anteriorly projecting spines on caudal peduncle. A prominent groove extending anteriorly from front of eye for a distance of about 1 eye diameter. Mouth terminal. Caudal peduncle compressed (Ref 9770). 39-50 rows of plate-like scales.
在腹面上的大白色的斑点的独特彩色斑纹 , 在背部上的在黄色的背景上的黑色的斑点, 黄色的吻。 在眼睛前面中的横过吻的一条白色或淡黄色的条纹。 唇与环绕着嘴的区域橘黄色的。 在尾鳍上的一条宽的垂直白色又些微淡黄色的条纹。 鳞片增大了胸鳍上方基底与在鳃裂正后方形成一个柔韧有弹性的鼓膜。 列的小前面突出的棘在尾梗上。 一个突出的凹槽为大约 1 眼直径的距离前面地从眼睛前面延伸。 口端位。 尾柄扁长形的 (参考文献 9770). 39-50 列的板状鳞片。
Lives in clear coastal to outer reef habitats (Ref. 48637). Occurs in clear seaward reefs adjacent to steep drop-offs. A solitary species (Ref. 9710). Uncommon to rare throughout most of its range (Ref. 9770). Adults usually seen along deep drop-offs, swimming about openly and may retreat to caves when approached. Juveniles secretive in small caves with rich invertebrate growth (Ref. 48637). Diet consists of sea urchins, crabs and other crustaceans, mollusks, and tunicates (Ref. 9770). Marketed fresh (Ref. 9770). Among the most highly prized aquarium fishes (Ref. 1602).
生活在清澈的海岸到外围礁石栖息地.(参考文献 48637) 出现于清澈的临海礁石邻近陡峭的海峭壁。 一种独居性种.(参考文献 9710) 罕见到稀有的在他大部分的分布范围各处.(参考文献 9770) 成鱼通常见到沿着深的海峭壁, 游泳到处露天地而且可能对洞穴当被接近时撤退。 稚鱼躲躲藏藏的在小的洞穴中无脊椎动物成长丰富的地方.(参考文献 48637) 食物由海胆，螃蟹与其他的甲壳动物，软件动物与被囊类组成。 (参考文献 9770) 在市场上销售生鲜地了。 (参考文献 9770) 在最高价值的觀賞魚之中.(參考文獻 1602)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Distinct pairing (Ref. 205). Spawning occurs in patches of mixed coral rubble and sand on clear seaward reefs (Ref. 37816).印度-太平洋: 东非南至南非的德尔班 (参考文献 4420) 而且向东经过印度尼西亚到美属萨摩亚, 北至日本南部而且南至新加勒多尼亚。
Matsuura, K., 2001. Balistidae. Triggerfishes. p. 3911-3928. In K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Vol. 6. Bony fishes part 4 (Labridae to Latimeriidae), estuarine crocodiles. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9770)
人类利用
渔业: 低经济; 水族馆: 商业性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 23.3 - 28.8, mean 27.3 °C (based on 552 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02570 (0.01232 - 0.05364), b=2.94 (2.77 - 3.11), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.39 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (40 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 31 [13, 79] mg/100g; Iron = 0.523 [0.278, 1.149] mg/100g; Protein = 18.6 [16.5, 20.8] %; Omega3 = 0.12 [0.06, 0.23] g/100g; Selenium = 38.9 [19.2, 82.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 43 [12, 164] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.12 [0.75, 1.68] mg/100g (wet weight);
