Lethrinus erythracanthus, Orange-spotted emperor : fisheries

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Lethrinus erythracanthus Valenciennes, 1830

Orange-spotted emperor
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Lethrinus erythracanthus   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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分类 / Names 俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(, ) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei > Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) > Lethrinidae (Emperors or scavengers) > Lethrininae
Etymology: Lethrinus: Greek, lethrinia, a fish pertaining to genus Pagellus.
More on author: Valenciennes.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生态学

海洋 礁区鱼类; 非迁移的; 深度上下限 15 - 120 m (Ref. 9710). 热带; 30°N - 23°S

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Indo-Pacific: East Africa to the Society and Tuamoto islands, north to the Ryukyu Islands, south to northeastern Australia. The name Lethrinus kallopterus has long been applied to this species. Lethrinus cinnabarinus Richardson also appears to be synonymous with this species.
印度-太平洋: 东非到社会与 Tuamoto 岛, 北至琉球群岛, 南至澳洲东北方。 名称 丽鳍裸颊鲷〔Lethrinus kallopterus〕 长的被适用于这种。 龙占鱼科鱼类 cinnabarinus 理查德森也状似与这种同种异名。

Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄

Maturity: Lm ?, range 25 - ? cm
Max length : 70.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 2295); common length : 50.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 2295)

简单描述 型态特徵 | 形态测量图

背棘 (总数): 10; 背的软条 (总数): 9; 臀棘 3; 臀鳍软条: 8. The largest species of Lethrinus distinguished by the following characters: body moderately deep, its depth 2.5-2.7 times in standard length (SL); head length 0.9-1 times in body depth, 2.5-2.8 times in SL; dorsal profile near eye nearly straight or slightly convex; snout moderately short, its length about 1.8-2.4 times in HL, measured without the lip the snout is 0.8-1.1 times in cheek height, its dorsal profile distinctly concave in large individuals and nearly straight in smaller individuals, snout angle relative to upper jaw between 55° and 69°; interorbital space convex; posterior nostril an oblong longitudinal opening, closer to orbit than anterior nostril; eye situated close to or far removed from dorsal profile, its length 2.7-5.2 times in HL; cheek moderately high, its height 2-3.4 times in HL; lateral teeth in jaws conical; outer surface of maxilla smooth or with a longitudinal ridge; D X,9 with 4th or 5th dorsal-fin spine the longest, its length 2.5-3.5 times in body depth; A III,8 with the 3rd, 4th or 5th soft ray usually the longest, its length much longer than length of base of soft-rayed portion of anal fin and 0.8-1.1 times in length of entire anal-fin base; pectoral-fin rays 13; pelvic-fin membranes between rays closest to body with or without dense melanophores; cheek without scales; 46-48 lateral-line scales; 4 ½ scale rows between lateral line and base of middle dorsal-fin spines; 15-18 scale rows in transverse series between origin of anal fin and lateral line; usually 15 rows in lower series of scales around caudal peduncle; 5-8 scales in supratemporal patch; inner surface of pectoral-fin base densely covered with scales; posterior angle of operculum fully scaly. Colour of body brown to dark grey, with indistinct scattered small dark and light spots, with irregular light stripes sometimes on lower sides; head brown or grey, often with many small orange spots on cheeks; pectoral and pelvic fins white to orangish, dorsal and anal fins mottled orange and bluish; caudal fin often bright orange (Ref. 114226).
龙占鱼科鱼类 的最大种. 身体纵深, 钝的吻部有橘色的斑点, 与成鱼 (麦黄色的在印度洋) 的鲜橘色圆形鳍是特殊的.(参考文献 37816) 尾鳍是只略微分叉,顶端变成圆的当成鱼时。 身体是褐色深灰色, 有不明显的分散小深色的与淡色条纹有时在下侧上。 头部是褐色或者灰色的, 时常在小的成鱼中的颊部上有小的橘色斑点。 胸鳍与腹鳍是白色到橘色的。 背鳍与臀鳍是有斑点的橘色而蓝色的。 尾鳍时常鲜橘色的, 尤其在亚成鱼中。

生物学特性     字汇 (例如 epibenthic)

Occurs in deep lagoons and channels, outer reef slopes and adjacent soft bottom areas (Ref. 30573). Solitary in or near ledges or caves by day (Ref. 9710). Feeds on echinoderms, crustaceans, mollusks (Ref. 171), echinoids, crinoids and starfish (Ref. 37816). May be ciguatoxic in some areas (Ref. 37816). Caught by handline, vertical longline, traps, and trawls. Marketed mostly fresh (Ref. 171, 68703).

出现于深的泻湖与峡道, 外礁斜坡与毗连的软质底部的区域。 (参考文献 30573) 独居在或在岩架或洞穴的附近白天.(参考文献 9710) 吃棘皮动物,甲壳动物,软件动物 (参考文献 171) ,海胆,海百合类动物与海星。 (参考文献 37816) 在一些地区的可能具有热带海鱼毒.(参考文献 37816) 在市场上销售生鲜地了。 (参考文献 171)

Life cycle and mating behavior 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼

印度-太平洋: 东非到社会与 Tuamoto 岛, 北至琉球群岛, 南至澳洲东北方。 名称 丽鳍裸颊鲷〔Lethrinus kallopterus〕 长的被适用于这种。 龙占鱼科鱼类 cinnabarinus 理查德森也状似与这种同种异名。

主要参考文献 Upload your references | 参考文献 | 合作者 | 合作者

Carpenter, K.E. and G.R. Allen, 1989. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 9. Emperor fishes and large-eye breams of the world (family Lethrinidae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lethrinid species known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(9):118 p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 2295)

世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435)

  最不相关 (LC) ; Date assessed: 09 March 2015

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

对人类的威胁

  有雪卡鱼毒中毒的报导 (Ref. 2295)





人类利用

渔业: 商业性
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource | 周边海洋

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 24.2 - 28.6, mean 27.5 °C (based on 748 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01479 (0.00957 - 0.02286), b=3.01 (2.89 - 3.13), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).
营养阶层 (Ref. 69278):  3.4   ±0.41 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 5.5 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1 growth studies.
回复力 (Ref. 120179):  中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.20).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Moderate to high vulnerability (46 of 100).
价格分类 (Ref. 80766):   Very high.
Nutrients (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 33 [24, 44] mg/100g; Iron = 0.756 [0.518, 1.051] mg/100g; Protein = 20 [17, 22] %; Omega3 = 0.124 [0.093, 0.166] g/100g; Selenium = 54.9 [30.5, 81.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 25.5 [5.7, 130.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 2.03 [1.58, 2.51] mg/100g (wet weight);