Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologia
marinhas batidemersal; oceanódromo (Ref. 51243); intervalo de profundidade 50 - 1000 m (Ref. 27121), usually 150 - 450 m (Ref. 27121). Deep-water; 11°S - 37°S, 5°E - 33°E (Ref. 58452)
Southeast Atlantic: Baie Farte, Angola around Cape to Natal, South Africa. Also found on Valdivia Bank (26°18'S, 6°20'E).
Comprimento de primeira maturação / Tamanho / Peso / Idade
Maturity: Lm 47.4 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 140 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 6605); common length : 50.0 cm TL macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 1371)
Descrição suscinta
Morfologia | Morfometria
Espinhos dorsais (total): 1; Raios dorsais (total): 47-54; Espinhos anais 0; Raios anais : 37 - 41. Light brown above, silvery to white below (Ref. 6605).
Found on the continental shelf and slope to depths over 1,000 m (Ref. 27121). Juveniles (to about 64 cm) feed on small crustaceans and small deep-sea fishes such as lanternfishes, whereas larger individuals feed chiefly on small hakes and jack mackerel (Ref. 1371); cannibalism is common (Ref. 27121). Migrates southward in the spring and northward in autumn (Ref. 1371). Breeds throughout the year, peaks of reproductive activity in August and September (Ref. 36731). Marketed smoked, frozen, and fresh on ice; eaten steamed, fried and baked (Ref. 9988).
Ciclo de vida ou comportamento de acasalamento
Maturidade | Reprodução | Desova | Ovos | Fecundidade | Larvas
Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba, 1990. FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371)
Status na Lista Vermelha da UICN (Ref. 130435)
Ameaça para os humanos
Harmless
Uso pelos humanos
Pescarias: pouco comercial
Ferramentas
Relatórios especiais
Baixar XML
Fontes da internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 7.7 - 14.4, mean 10.2 °C (based on 78 cells).
Índice de diversidade filogenética (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00513 (0.00340 - 0.00773), b=3.11 (2.98 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Nível Trófico (Ref.
69278): 3.9 ±0.65 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 9.2 (7.9 - 12.1) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 21
growth studies.
Resiliência (Ref.
120179): Baixo, tempo mínimo de duplicação da população 4,5 - 14 anos (K=0.07-0.13).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (67 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Very high vulnerability (86 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 6.55 [3.45, 22.85] mg/100g; Iron = 0.282 [0.055, 0.771] mg/100g; Protein = 16.8 [15.7, 18.1] %; Omega3 = 0.123 [0.066, 0.231] g/100g; Selenium = 32.1 [14.4, 77.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 9.09 [1.90, 42.59] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.225 [0.151, 0.358] mg/100g (wet weight);
