分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Lutjanidae (Snappers)
笛鯛科 (Snappers) > Lutjaninae
Etymology: Lutjanus: Malay, ikan lutjan, name of a fish.
More on author: Cuvier.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 礁區魚類; 深度上下限 0 - 100 m (Ref. 36484). 亞熱帶的; 36°N - 9°N, 99°W - 59°W (Ref. 55233)
Western Atlantic: North Carolina, USA to northeastern Brazil (Ref. 57756), including the Gulf of Mexico (Ref. 9626). Common around the Caribbean.
西大西洋: 美國北卡羅萊那州到巴西東北部 (參考文獻 57756), 包括墨西哥灣.(參考文獻 9626) 普遍的加勒比海的周圍。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 48.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 55); common length : 38.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 55); 最大體重: 1.3 kg (Ref. 26340); 最大年齡: 18 年 (Ref. 115050)
背棘 (總數): 10; 背的軟條 (總數): 11-12; 臀棘 3; 臀鰭軟條: 8. Lower jaw projecting slightly beyond upper jaw; lower corner of preopercle greatly projecting and strongly serrated. Preorbital bone broad, maxilla extending nearly to mid-eye level. Preopercular notch and knob moderate. Scale rows on back rising obliquely above lateral line. Back and upper side gray to dark olive grading to silvery ventrally. Usually with a black spot, about eye size, on lateral line below the anterior soft dorsal-fin rays.
下頜突出的略超過上頜; 前鰓蓋骨的低角落非常突出而且深鋸齒狀的。 眶前骨寬的, 顎骨對眼睛中央水平幾乎延伸。 前鰓蓋骨凹槽與癤瘤中等的。 鱗片列背面斜向上升在側線上面。 背面與上側面灰色到深橄欖色漸層色到銀色的腹地。 通常有一個黑色的斑點, 大約眼睛大小, 在側線上在前面的軟背鰭鰭條之下。
Adults inhabit clear shallow waters over rocky bottoms in the vicinity of coral reefs, less frequently in sandy or seagrass areas. They often form large aggregations during the day. They feed at night mainly on small fish, shrimps, crabs and cephalopods (Ref. 78464).
在鄰近珊瑚礁棲息於在岩石底部上的清澈淺水域, 更不時常在沙的或海草區域。 時常形成大的群集在白天期間。 在晚上覓食主要吃小魚，蝦，螃蟹與頭足類動物。
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
西大西洋: 美國北卡羅萊那州到巴西東北部 (參考文獻 57756), 包括墨西哥灣.(參考文獻 9626) 普遍的加勒比海的周圍。
Allen, G.R., 1985. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 6. Snappers of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lutjanid species known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(6):208 p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 55)
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 游釣魚種: 是的
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 23.9 - 28, mean 26.6 °C (based on 232 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01738 (0.00953 - 0.03167), b=2.95 (2.80 - 3.10), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.3 ±0.4 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 11.3 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (K=1).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (52 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 19.4 [10.5, 31.8] mg/100g; Iron = 0.329 [0.197, 0.581] mg/100g; Protein = 19 [18, 20] %; Omega3 = 0.208 [0.126, 0.343] g/100g; Selenium = 28.1 [13.7, 51.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 174 [31, 851] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.272 [0.192, 0.417] mg/100g (wet weight);
