Sarotherodon melanotheron, Blackchin tilapia : fisheries, aquaculture, aquarium

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Sarotherodon melanotheron Rüppell, 1852

Blackchin tilapia
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Sarotherodon melanotheron
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分类 / Names 俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(, ) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei > Cichliformes (Cichlids, convict blennies) 鱸形目 (Cichlids, convict blennies) > Cichlidae (Cichlids) 麗魚科 (Cichlids) > Pseudocrenilabrinae
Etymology: Sarotherodon: Greek, saros, -ou = sawdust + Greek, ther = animal * Greek, odous = teeth (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Rüppell.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生态学

海洋; 淡水; 半咸淡水 居于水底的; pH range: 7.0 - 8.0; dH range: 9 - 19; 深度上下限 0 - 3 m (Ref. 5723). 熱帶; 27°N - 14°S, 18°W - 31°E

分布 国家 | FAO区域 | 生态系 | 标本纪录 | Point map | 简介 | Faunafri

Africa: Lagoons and estuaries from Mauritania to Cameroon. Introduced to several countries in Asia, USA and Europe (Ref. 21). At least one country reports adverse ecological impact after introduction. Previously, three subspecies were recognized: Sarotherodon melanotheron heudelotii, Sarotherodon melanotheron leonensis and Sarotherodon melanotheron melanotheron.
非洲: 從塞內加爾 (參考文獻 4537) 到喀麥隆南部的半淡鹹水。 引進了在亞洲,美國與歐洲的一些國家。 (參考文獻 21) 至少一個國家報告引入後的不利的生態衝擊。

Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄

Maturity: Lm 12.1, range 13 - ? cm
Max length : 28.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 31256); common length : 17.5 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 12193)

简单描述 型态特徵 | 形态测量图

背棘 (总数): 15 - 17; 背的软条 (总数): 10-12; 臀棘 3; 臀鳍软条: 8 - 10; 脊椎骨: 26 - 28. Diagnosis: length of caudal peduncle 0.6-0.9 times in its depth (Ref. 53405). Melanic areas in adult usually present on lower parts of head, on cleithrum and on apices of caudal and soft dorsal fins; occasional irregular and asymmetrical spots on flanks probably representing vertical bars; median spot or transverse bar on nape rather constant (Ref. 2).
在成鱼的黑色的区域通常位于头部下半部之上, 在匙骨与尾部与软背鳍的顶点上; 在侧面上的偶然的不规则而不对称的斑点可能代表纵带; 在后颈上的一个中央的斑点或横跨的横带相当持续。

生物学特性     字汇 (例如 epibenthic)

This species can tolerate high salinity (Ref. 5723). It occurs abundantly in mangrove areas and ventures in to both fresh, like lower reaches of streams (Ref. 5723) and salt waters in native and non-native ranges (Ref. 46816, 53405). In West Africa, this species is confined to brackish lagoons and estuaries, and is abundant in the mangrove zone (Ref. 2). Forms schools; is mainly nocturnal with intermittent daytime feeding. Feeds on aufwuchs and detritus (Ref. 2), as well as on bivalves and zooplankton (Ref. 28587). Feeding behaviour: picking up and swallowing "bites" (no gill rakers) (Ref. 55661).

主要河口。 丰富的在红树林区域中而且冒险尝试在对在原生与非原生的范围中的生鲜鱼肉和盐水域.(参考文献 46816) 形成鱼群; 对间歇的白天进食感到主要地夜行。 吃附着生物与碎屑 (参考文献 2), 以及二枚贝与浮游动物。 (参考文献 28587) 出现于溪流下游而且能容忍高的盐度.(参考文献 5723)

Life cycle and mating behavior 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼

Spawns in shallow water close inshore. Initiative in courtship, pit digging and mating activities are taken by the female. Eventually a male is stimulated to react in a mainly passive manner and a pair-bond is established; sexual dimorphism minimal; no T-stand by the partners during fertilization. Exhibits mouth-brooding habit (Ref. 6298). Males exclusively incubate the eggs (Ref. 2, 6309).非洲: 從塞內加爾 (參考文獻 4537) 到喀麥隆南部的半淡鹹水。 引進了在亞洲,美國與歐洲的一些國家。 (參考文獻 21) 至少一個國家報告引入後的不利的生態衝擊。

主要参考文献 Upload your references | 参考文献 | 合作者 : Kullander, Sven O. | 合作者

Trewavas, E. and G.G. Teugels, 1991. Sarotherodon. p. 425-437. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse, G.G. Teugels and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB, Brussels; MRAC, Tervuren; and ORSTOM, Paris. Vol. 4. (Ref. 4999)

世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435)

  最不相关 (LC) ; Date assessed: 22 April 2019

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

对人类的威胁

  可能有害的





人类利用

渔业: 商业性; 养殖: 商业性; 水族馆: 商业性
FAO - 养殖: 产生; ; Publication: search | FishSource |

更多信息

俗名
同种异名
新陈代谢
捕食者
生态毒物学
繁殖
成熟度
产卵场
产卵群集
孕卵数

卵的发育
参考文献
养殖
养殖信息
品种
遗传学
Electrophoreses
遗传率
疾病
加工
Nutrients
Mass conversion
合作者
照片
Stamps, Coins Misc.
声音
神经毒
速度
泳型
鳃区
Otoliths
脑重体重比
眼睛色素

工具

特别资料

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网络资源

AFORO (otoliths) | Alien/Invasive Species database | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | 核实 FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: , | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - 养殖: 产生; ; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: 基因组, 核苷酸 | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | 树状分类阶层 | Wikipedia: 转至, 搜寻 | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoobank | 动物学的记录

Estimates based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5001   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01413 (0.00872 - 0.02289), b=2.99 (2.86 - 3.12), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).
营养阶层 (Ref. 69278):  2.5   ±0.19 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 0.8 (0.5 - 2.8) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 13 growth studies.
回复力 (Ref. 120179):  中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.16).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Low vulnerability (16 of 100).
价格分类 (Ref. 80766):   Unknown.
Nutrients (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 318 [152, 673] mg/100g; Iron = 1.97 [0.87, 4.12] mg/100g; Protein = 18.4 [16.8, 20.0] %; Omega3 = 0.152 [0.073, 0.347] g/100g; Selenium = 39.5 [19.2, 87.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 6.27 [1.55, 20.48] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.94 [1.22, 3.12] mg/100g (wet weight);