分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Elasmobranchii
板鰓亞綱 (鯊魚與魟魚) (sharks and rays) >
Rhinopristiformes (Shovelnose rays)
鰩目 (Shovelnose rays) >
Rhinobatidae (Guitarfishes)
琵琶鱝科 (Guitarfishes)
Etymology: More on author: Walbaum.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 居於水底的; 深度上下限 0 - 110 m (Ref. 6902), usually ? - 80 m (Ref. 50163). 亞熱帶的; 18°N - 27°S, 82°W - 33°W (Ref. 114953)
Western Atlantic: Caribbean to Brazil, and possibly further south to northern Argentina (Ref. 114953). Eastern Atlantic: tropical waters of West Africa.
西大西洋: 西印度群島到阿根廷北部。 東大西洋: 非洲西方部的熱帶水域。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 54.7  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 100.0 cm WD 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 5217); common length : 70.0 cm WD 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 5217); 最大體重: 955.10 g (Ref. 118626)
Shorter nostrils, no enlarged tubercles on the tip of the snout. Olive gray, reddish brown or chocolate brown. Pale translucent area on either side of rostral ridges. Darker brown spots or blotches on sides. Lower surface pale yellowish, greyish or dusky white, tip of the snout with a more or less conspicuous sooty blotch (Ref. 6902).
較短的鼻孔, 沒有在吻尖上的增大的小瘤。 橄欖色灰色的﹐紅褐色的或褐色。 在嘴脊的任一側邊上的蒼白半透明的區域。 在側邊上的深褐色的斑點或斑塊。 下表面灰白的淡黃色的﹐略灰色的或暗色的白色 , 吻尖具有一個約略顯著的烏黑斑塊。 (參考文獻 6902)
Found on shallow, soft bottoms. Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449). Flesh considered low quality (Ref. 5217). Traded as an aquarium fish at Ceará, Brazil (Ref. 49392).
棲息於淺灘,軟質底部了。 卵胎生的.(參考文獻 50449) 肉被認為是品質很低.(參考文獻 5217) 在巴西的塞阿臘作為一個水族館魚交易了。 (參考文獻 49392)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449).西大西洋: 西印度群島到阿根廷北部。 東大西洋: 非洲西方部的熱帶水域。
Cervigón, F., R. Cipriani, W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, M. Hendrickx, A.J. Lemus, R. Márquez, J.M. Poutiers, G. Robaina and B. Rodriguez, 1992. Fichas FAO de identificación de especies para los fines de la pesca. Guía de campo de las especies comerciales marinas y de aquas salobres de la costa septentrional de Sur América. FAO, Rome. 513 p. Preparado con el financiamento de la Comisión de Comunidades Europeas y de NORAD. (Ref. 5217)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)
瀕危 (EN) (A2cd); Date assessed: 05 July 2020
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 水族館: 商業性
更多資訊
參考文獻養殖養殖資訊品種遺傳學Electrophoreses遺傳率疾病加工NutrientsMass conversion
合作者照片Stamps, Coins Misc.聲音神經毒速度泳型鰓區Otoliths腦重體重比眼睛色素
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 19.2 - 28, mean 26.7 °C (based on 456 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5039 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00288 (0.00173 - 0.00480), b=3.09 (2.94 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.5 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (Fec = 2-13).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (65 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): High to very high vulnerability (66 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 25.4 [5.0, 117.1] mg/100g; Iron = 0.733 [0.188, 2.110] mg/100g; Protein = 19.3 [17.2, 21.2] %; Omega3 = 0.221 [0.099, 0.473] g/100g; Selenium = 25 [7, 69] μg/100g; VitaminA = 7.74 [2.72, 21.32] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.582 [0.290, 1.051] mg/100g (wet weight);