Microstomus kitt, Lemon sole : fisheries, aquarium

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Microstomus kitt (Walbaum, 1792)

Lemon sole
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Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Microstomus kitt   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Microstomus kitt (Lemon sole)
Microstomus kitt
Picture by Dolgov, A.

分類 / Names 俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(, ) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei > Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) 鰈形目 (Flatfishes) > Pleuronectidae (Righteye flounders) 鰈科 (Righteye flounders) > Microstominae
Etymology: Microstomus: Greek, mikros = small + Greek, stoma = mouth (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Walbaum.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生態學

海洋 居於水底的; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 10 - 200 m, usually 10 - 150 m (Ref. 35388). 溫帶; 72°N - 43°N, 26°W - 45°E (Ref. 54592)

分布 國家 | FAO區域 | 生態系 | 發現紀錄 | Point map | 簡介 | Faunafri

Northeast Atlantic: Bay of Biscay to the White Sea and off Iceland.
東北大西洋: 比斯開灣到白海與外海的冰島。

Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡

Maturity: Lm 29.3, range 20 - 30 cm
Max length : 65.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9988); 最大體重: 3.0 kg (Ref. 6112); 最大年齡: 23 年 (Ref. 6112)

簡短描述 型態特徵 | 形態測量圖

Small head and mouth. Body is oval. Skin is marbled and smooth. Lateral line almost straight, slight curve above the pectoral fin (Ref. 35388).
小的頭部與嘴。 身體是橢圓形。 皮膚被有大理石花紋而且平滑的。 側線在胸鰭上面的幾乎直又輕微的彎曲.(參考文獻 35388)

生物學特性     字彙 (例如 epibenthic)

Lives most often on stony bottoms. Feeds on a variety of small invertebrates, but polychaetes seem to dominate. Apparently they do not feed in wintertime (Ref. 9900). Marketed fresh and frozen; eaten steamed, fried, broiled, microwaved and baked (Ref. 9988).

在多石底部上最時常住。 吃多種小型無脊椎動物,但是多毛類動物似乎佔優勢。 顯然地它們不在冬季中覓食。 (參考文獻 9900) 在市場上銷售生鮮和冷凍; 清蒸,油炸,火烤, 微波了而且燒烤了.(參考文獻 9988)

Life cycle and mating behavior 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | | 孕卵數 | 仔魚

Spawning is mainly confined to depths of 55-91 m in the northwestern North Sea and commences at a minimum temperature of 6.5 °C in Scottish waters. Sex ratio is about 1:1, but females progressively predominate upon sexual maturity. 東北大西洋: 比斯開灣到白海與外海的冰島。

主要參考資料 Upload your references | 參考文獻 | 合作者 : Amaoka, Kunio | 合作者

Vinnikov, K.A., R.C. Thomson and T.A. Munroe, 2018. Revised classification of the righteye flounders (Teleostei: Pleuronectidae) based on multilocus phylogeny with complete taxon sampling. Molecular phylogenetics and evolution, 125:147-162. (Ref. 122998)

IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)

  無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 02 March 2021

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

對人類具威脅

  無害處的





人類使用

漁業: 商業性; 水族館: 公眾的水族館
FAO - 漁業: landings, 魚種描繪; Publication: search | FishSource | 周邊海洋

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速度
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鰓區
Otoliths
腦重體重比
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網路資源

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | 檢查 FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: , | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - 漁業: landings, 魚種描繪; Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: 基因組, 核甘 | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | 國家資料庫 | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | 公眾的水族館 | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | 樹狀分類階層 | Wikipedia: , 搜尋 | World Records Freshwater Fishing | 動物學的記錄

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 7.1 - 12.5, mean 9.9 °C (based on 1310 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5625   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00759 (0.00603 - 0.00954), b=3.09 (3.02 - 3.16), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
營養階層 (Ref. 69278):  3.2   ±0.33 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref. 120179):  中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.08-0.42; tm=3-6; tmax=23).
Prior r = 0.71, 95% CL = 0.45 - 1.14, Based on 1 stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  High vulnerability (57 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649):  Low to moderate vulnerability (29 of 100).
價格種類 (Ref. 80766):   Very high.
Nutrients (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 20.4 [11.3, 39.5] mg/100g; Iron = 0.237 [0.134, 0.434] mg/100g; Protein = 17 [15, 19] %; Omega3 = 0.301 [0.150, 0.610] g/100g; Selenium = 18.1 [9.7, 37.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 7.6 [1.8, 30.7] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.377 [0.264, 0.576] mg/100g (wet weight);