分类 / Names
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Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Haemulidae (Grunts) > Haemulinae
Etymology: Haemulon: Greek, haimaleos = bloody (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Gill.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 礁区鱼类; 深度上下限 3 - 40 m (Ref. 5227), usually 3 - 12 m (Ref. 5227). 熱帶; 27°N - 2°S
Eastern Pacific: Mexico to Ecuador, including the Galapagos Islands.
東太平洋: 墨西哥到厄瓜多, 包括加拉巴哥群島。
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 35.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 9114); common length : 30.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 9114)
Body oblong, compressed, and deep (depth contained 2.3 to 2.7 times in standard length); mouth large and terminal, its posterior end located at the same level as the anterior edge of the pupil; first gill arch with 15 to 22 gill rakers; dorsal fin notched, with 11 to 12 spines and 14 to 17 soft rays (XI-XII, 14-17); second anal spine slightly longer and stronger than third; scale series above lateral line oblique; body silvery gray; each scale bearing a dark spot;; the spots appearing to form lines following the scale series; fins charcoal gray (Ref.. 55763).
身体长方形﹐扁长形的﹐和且深;(深度包含了 2.3 到 2.7 倍标准的长度) 嘴大且端位, 后端位于了那高度与瞳孔的前缘相同; 第一个鳃弓有 15 到 22个鳃耙; 背鳍凹槽, 藉由 11 到 12根棘与 14 到 17个软鳍条;(11-12,14-17) 第二臀鳍棘些微地更长与更强壮超过第三; 鳞片系列在侧线上面斜角; 身体银灰色的; 每个鳞片生长着一个深色的斑点;; 斑点似乎在鳞片系列之后形成线; 鳍深灰色灰色 (参考文献。 55763)。
Forms schools above rocky, boulder strewn reefs, slopes, and hard substrate with good water movement (Ref. 5227).
形成鱼群上方岩石又圆石散布的礁，斜坡与坚硬的底部，水流良好的地方.(参考文献 5227)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Oviparous, distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 205).東太平洋: 墨西哥到厄瓜多, 包括加拉巴哥群島。
McKay, R.J. and M. Schneider, 1995. Haemulidae. Burros, corocoros, chulas, gallinazos, roncos. p. 1136-1173. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identification de Especies para lo Fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. 3 Vols. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9114)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性
更多信息
参考文献养殖养殖信息品种遗传学Electrophoreses遗传率疾病加工NutrientsMass conversion
合作者照片Stamps, Coins Misc.声音神经毒速度泳型鳃区Otoliths脑重体重比眼睛色素
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 23.2 - 29.1, mean 27.4 °C (based on 195 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01549 (0.00681 - 0.03521), b=3.02 (2.84 - 3.20), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 4.2 ±0.73 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (25 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 38.3 [16.0, 79.6] mg/100g; Iron = 0.603 [0.289, 1.123] mg/100g; Protein = 18.9 [17.0, 20.9] %; Omega3 = 0.11 [0.05, 0.21] g/100g; Selenium = 28.9 [15.0, 56.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 102 [32, 321] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.843 [0.533, 1.319] mg/100g (wet weight);
