Actinopterygii (Straalvinnigen) >
Perciformes (Perch-likes) >
Sparidae (Porgies)
Etymology: Spondyliosoma: Greek, spondylos = vertebra (1667) + Greek, soma = body (Ref. 45335). More on author: Linnaeus.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologie
; marien benthopelagisch; oceanodroom (Ref. 51243); diepteverspreiding 5 - 300 m (Ref. 3688). Subtropical; 63°N - 20°S, 26°W - 36°E
Eastern Atlantic: Scandinavia to northern Namibia (Ref. 11228), including the Strait of Gibraltar, Mediterranean and the Black Sea, Madeira, Canary Islands, and Cape Verde.
Length at first maturity / Size / Gewicht / Leeftijd
Maturity: Lm 19.7  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 60.0 cm SL mannelijk/geslacht niet bekend; (Ref. 4781); common length : 30.0 cm SL mannelijk/geslacht niet bekend; (Ref. 4781); Maximaal gepubliceerd gewicht: 1.2 kg (Ref. 40637)
Dorsale stekels (totaal): 11; Dorsale zachte stralen (totaal): 11-13. Body tall, with weak longitudinal stripes and no dark spots. Snout as long or longer than the eye diameter (Ref. 35388).
Found over seagrass beds and rocky and sandy bottoms to about 300 m (Ref. 3688). Gregarious, sometimes in large schools (Ref. 3688). Omnivorous, feeding on seaweeds and small invertebrates, especially crustaceans (Ref. 3688). Protogynic hermaphrodites (Ref. 4781). An important food fish.
Lays eggs on sandy bottom (Ref. 4781). Sex reversal occurs at approximately 24.3 cm TL in population from Algeria (Ref. 102321). Also Ref. 28504.
Bauchot, M.-L. and J.-C. Hureau, 1990. Sparidae. p. 790-812. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3688)
Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 123251)
CITES (Ref. 118484)
Not Evaluated
Gevaarlijk voor mensen
Harmless
Gebruik door de mens
Visserij: commercieel; vis voor de hengelsport: ja; Aquarium: Publieke aquaria
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
115969): 7 - 17.2, mean 10.2 °C (based on 645 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82805): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01259 (0.01135 - 0.01397), b=3.03 (3.00 - 3.06), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
Weerstandsvermogen (Ref.
120179): Gemiddeld, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd 1,4-4,4 jaar (K=0.3; Fec=36,000; tm=4).
Kwetsbaarheid (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (37 of 100) .