Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
marina batypelagisk; djupintervall 0 - 3290 m (Ref. 50610). Deep-water; 55°N - 48°N
Eastern Pacific: British Columbia in Canada to central Baja California in Mexico.
Size / Vikt / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 21.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 2850)
Short description
Morfologi | Morfometri
Taggstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt): 0; Mjukstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt): 8-13; Taggstrålar i analfenan 0; Mjukstrålar i analfenan: 26 - 33; Ryggkotor: 82 - 91. Pectorals moderately long and narrow (Ref. 6885). Greenish brown above, silvery on sides and belly showing delicate iridescence (Ref. 6885). Branchiostegal rays: 8 (Ref. 35950).
Occur from near surface to bathypelagic depths. Feed mainly on small fishes but also takes small crustaceans and cephalopods (Ref. 6885). Predators include albacore, salmon, swordfish and lancetfish (Ref. 4525). Oviparous, with planktonic larvae (Ref. 35950).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Könsmognad | Reproduktion | Lek | Ägg | Fecundity | Larver
Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Ytterligare information
Age/SizeTillväxtLength-weightLength-lengthLength-frequenciesMorfometriMorfologiLarverLarvdynamikRekryteringAbundansBRUVS
MedarbetareBilderStamps, Coins Misc.LjudCiguateraHastighetSimsättGälytaOtolithsHjärnstorlekSyn
Verktyg
Special reports
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 2.6 - 4.7, mean 3.3 °C (based on 21 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00219 (0.00088 - 0.00547), b=3.08 (2.86 - 3.30), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trofisk nivå (Ref.
69278): 4.1 ±0.55 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 1.6 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
Resiliens (Ref.
120179): Mellan, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid 1,4-4,4 år (Assuming tmax>3).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (20 of 100).