分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
; 淡水 居於水底的; 河川洄游 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 ? - 5 m (Ref. 6390). 亞熱帶的; 21°S - 37°S
Oceania: throughout most of the Murray-Darling River system of South Australia, Victoria, New South Wales, and Queensland, except for the upper reaches of the southern tributaries (Ref. 6390). Introduced into many lakes and dams throughout Victoria and New South Wales. Their abundance has been drastically reduced across their natural range and they are now considered rare in many Victorian tributaries (Ref. 27498).
大洋洲: 在大部分的澳洲南部，維多利亞，新南威爾斯與昆士蘭省的 Murray-Darling 河流域各處, 除了支流南部的上游.(參考文獻 6390) 在維多利亞與新南威爾斯各處引入許多湖與水壩中了。 他們的豐度已經大幅被縮小的過他們的原來的分佈範圍，而且他們是現在被認為稀有的在許多維多利亞女王時代的支流中.(參考文獻 27498)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 55.0, range 48 - 62 cm
Max length : 180 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 5259); common length : 60.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 5259); 最大體重: 113.5 kg (Ref. 27446); 最大年齡: 48 年 (Ref. 6987)
The Murray cod is one of the world's largest freshwater fish (Ref. 6390). They live in a wide range of habitats, from clear, rocky streams to slow flowing, turbid rivers and billabongs (Ref. 27498). They are generally found in waters to 5 m deep, in sheltered areas with cover from rocks, timber or overhanging banks. Adult fish are carnivorous, having a diet of invertebrates, fish, amphibians and occasionally reptiles, birds and aquatic mammals (Ref. 27498). The young feed on zooplankton. Spawning takes place from spring to early summer. Murray cod are territorial, their 'territory' associated with a specific hole, snag (large woody debris) or area of a river or lake (Ref. 27498). Juveniles may undertake migrations (Ref. 6390). Threatened due to over harvesting and habitat loss (Ref. 58490).
默里鱈魚是世界最大的淡水魚之一。 (參考文獻 6390) 他們生活於寬範圍的棲息地, 從清澈又岩石的溪流到減慢流動的, 混濁的河與死水潭.(參考文獻 27498) 他們是對 5 公尺深的通常發現於的水域, 在掩蔽的區域中以來自岩石, 木材或上懸的淺堆的表面。 成魚是肉食性的, 有一個無脊椎動物，魚的食性，兩棲動物與偶然地爬蟲類, 鳥與水生的哺乳動物.(參考文獻 27498) 幼魚吃浮游動物。 產卵從春天到初夏發生。 默里鱈魚是具有領域性, 他們的 '領土' 伴隨著河的特定洞，斷枝 (大的植物殘礫) 或區域或湖.。 (參考文獻 27498) 稚魚可能進行迴游。 (參考文獻 6390) 受威脅的捕穫之上由於與棲息地損失.(參考文獻 58490)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Cod form pairs & only one male spawn with each female (Ref. 27498). The spawning site can be in water as shallow as 30 cm (Ref. 27498). The male protect and probably fans the eggs during incubation (Ref. 27498).
Egg masses are laid on the bottom and adhere to the substrate (Ref. 6390).大洋洲: 在大部分的澳洲南部，維多利亞，新南威爾斯與昆士蘭省的 Murray-Darling 河流域各處, 除了支流南部的上游.(參考文獻 6390) 在維多利亞與新南威爾斯各處引入許多湖與水壩中了。 他們的豐度已經大幅被縮小的過他們的原來的分佈範圍，而且他們是現在被認為稀有的在許多維多利亞女王時代的支流中.(參考文獻 27498)
Allen, G.R., 1989. Freshwater fishes of Australia. T.F.H. Publications, Inc., Neptune City, New Jersey. (Ref. 5259)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 13 February 2019
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 養殖: 商業性; 游釣魚種: 是的
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01072 (0.00408 - 0.02815), b=3.01 (2.79 - 3.23), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.2 ±0.62 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (tm=3-6; tmax=48).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (70 of 100).
