| Main Ref. | Sedberry, G.R., O. Pashuk, D.M. Wyanski, J.A. Stephen, P. Wienbach, 2006, Spawning Locations for Atlantic Reef Fishes off the Southeastern U.S., Gulf Coast Fisheries Institute, Proceedings, 2006, pp. 463-514. | ||
| Spawning type | Unknown | ||
| Aggregation type | Unknown | ||
| Spawning evidence | |||
| Direct | |||
| Hydrated eggs | |||
| Indirect | |||
| Multiple gravid females | |||
| Status | Unknown | ||
| Lunar phase | |||
| Habitat type | Sand; Other | ||
| Management | Gear | ||
| Country | United States (contiguous states) | ||