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Larvae Information Summary for  Benthosema suborbitale
( not available )

Main Ref: Moser, H.G. and E.H. Ahlstrom 1996
Yolk-sac larvae
  max min mod Ref.
Length at birth (mm)     2 31442
Preanal L. % TL 55 43    
Place of development planktonic
Larval area NE Pacific (California Current region);NW Pacific (Japan); SW Indian Ocean (Agulhas Current Region)
Yolk-sac       Ref:  
Yolk   Oil globules  
Rows on tail  
Other melanophores on tail  
Post larvae
Striking feature light organs
Striking shape lateral normal (not striking) dorsal  
Striking feature light organs
Shape of gut triangular
Gas bladder   early   late  
Spinal armature   early no spines late no spines
Pigmentation early
Rows on tail no rows
Other melanophores on tail no other melanophores
Melanophores on head + trunk melanophores on head
Pigmentation late
Rows on tail no rows
Other melanophores on tail no other melanophores
Melanophores on head + trunk melanophores on head + trunk
Urostyle region   early unpigmented late unpigmented
Pectorals normal melanophores at fin base
Pelvics fin rays only without melanophores
Short, deep body; narrow eyes with lunate mass of choroid tissue on ventral surface; gut short, terminal section deflected acutely ventrad, Sn-A <50% BL in preflexion and flexion stages; middle Br photophore forms at about 5.0 mm; first and second PO's form at about 9 mm; pigment scanty; embedded blotches anterior to pectoral fin base; similar to Electrona risso which has relatively longer gut and pigment on pectoral fin rays but lacks blotches anterior to pectoral fin base. Pigmentation: Preflexion: pair just anterior to cleithral symphysis at about 4 mm, later coalesces in midline. Flexion: at lower jaw symphysis by about 5.5 mm; two embedded blotches anterior to pectoral fin base, one near the top and the other near bottom of fin base. Sequence of fin development: pectorals, caudal, anal, dorsal, pelvics.
Meristic characters
  max min mod Ref.
Total number of vertebrae 35 33   31442
  L 1st feeding Ref. Months of presence of larvae  
max     Jan Feb Mar Apr
min   May Jun Jul Aug
mod     Sep Oct Nov Dec
Ease of identification:
easy to distinguish from other species.
Similar species 1 7423Benthosemafibulatum
Remarks
Easily separated from B. fibulatum and B. pterotum by morphology (mainly head and gut region), the pronounced space between the anus and the anal fin, and reduced pigmentation. The gut is not straight as in the other two species. The number of myomeres is greater than in the other two species. Also, photophore development is different, Br2, Po1, Po2 are the first to appear.
Similar species 2 Electronarisso
Remarks
Different from E. risoi by the early presence of Br2 (at about 3.0 mm BL), the shape of this photophore, the pigmentation on the cleithral symphysis, the shape of the gut and the wide space between anus and anal fin.l
Water parameters     Metric characters
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