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Larvae Information Summary for
Etrumeus whiteheadi
| Main Ref: | Olivar, M.P. and J.M. Fortuño 1991 | |||
Yolk-sac larvae
| max | min | mod | Ref. | |
| Length at birth (mm) | ||||
| Preanal L. % TL |
| Place of development | ||||
| Larval area | Benguela Current Region | |||
| Yolk-sac | ovoid pigmented | Ref: | ||
| Yolk | segmented | Oil globules | no oil globule | |
| Rows on tail | ventral row | |||
| Other melanophores on tail | no other melanophores | |||
| Melanophores on head + trunk | melanophores on trunk | |||
Post larvae
| Striking feature | duck-billed shape of head | |||
| Striking shape lateral | eel-like | dorsal | ||
| Striking feature | duck-billed shape of head | |||
| Shape of gut | tube-like | |||
| Gas bladder early | late | |||
| Spinal armature early | no spines | late | no spines | |
| Pigmentation early | ||||
| Rows on tail | ventral row | |||
| Other melanophores on tail | no other melanophores | |||
| Melanophores on head + trunk | melanophores on trunk | |||
| Pigmentation late | ||||
| Rows on tail | ventral row | |||
| Other melanophores on tail | no other melanophores | |||
| Melanophores on head + trunk | melanophores on head + trunk | |||
| Urostyle region early | pigmented | late | unpigmented | |
| Peritoneum | with row of melanophores | |||
| Pectorals | normal without melanophores | |||
| Pelvics | normal (i.e. small or absent) without melanophores | |||
| Elongate body; body depth at the base of the pectoral fin is around 8% of SL throughout larval development. The gut is straight and extends to some 78% of SL in 4 mm-long larvae, to 87% of SL at 12 mm SL, and to some 81% of SL in large larvae longer than 20 mm SL. Head length increases over development, from 15% of SL in small larvae to 21% of SL at 12 mm and to 19% at 20 mm SL. The distance from snout to eye also increases with growth. The eyes become more elongate with development, eye diameter being some 5% of SL in small larvae and some 3% at 12 mm. The position of the origin of the dorsal fin advances as larval length approaches 20 mm SL. | ||||
| L 1st feeding | Ref. | Months of presence of larvae | ||||
| max | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | ||
| min | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | ||
| mod | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | ||
| Water parameters Metric characters |
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