| Main Ref. | Holcík, J., 1986 |
| Mode | dioecism |
| Fertilization | external |
| Mating type | |
| Spawning frequency | once in a lifetime |
| Spawning aggregation | Ref. |
| Batch spawner | Ref. Holcík, J., 1986 |
| Reproductive guild |
guarders nesters |
| Parental Care | |
| Description of life cycle and mating behavior | The nest is dug by either the male or the female. They attach themselves to stones before mating. Females die immediately after releasing their eggs, but males survive until spermatogenesis ceases and can mate with more than one female (Ref. 12275). Ammocoete stage lasts 2-4 years in freshwater after which metamorphosed juveniles migrate to the sea (Ref. 59043). In lower Volga, adults may feed one or two summers before breeding (Ref. 59043). These adults may begin to migrate to rivers in autumn and winter, usually from October to February, unstopped by ice flow in Volga (Ref. 59043). |
| Search for more references on reproduction | Scirus |