n = 41
| Scientific Name | Author | Valid Name | Family | English Name |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hoplostethus abramovi | Kotlyar, 1986 | Hoplostethus abramovi | Trachichthyidae | |
| Hoplostethus atlanticus | Collett, 1889 | Hoplostethus atlanticus | Trachichthyidae | Orange roughy |
| Hoplostethus cadenati | Quéro, 1974 | Hoplostethus cadenati | Trachichthyidae | Black slimehead |
| Hoplostethus confinis | Kotlyar, 1980 | Hoplostethus confinis | Trachichthyidae | |
| Hoplostethus cornutus | Valenciennes, 1833 | Anoplogaster cornuta | Anoplogastridae | Common fangtooth |
| Hoplostethus crassispinus | Kotlyar, 1980 | Hoplostethus crassispinus | Trachichthyidae | |
| Hoplostethus druzhinini | Kotlyar, 1986 | Hoplostethus druzhinini | Trachichthyidae | |
| Hoplostethus elongatus | (Günther, 1859) | Optivus elongatus | Trachichthyidae | Slender roughy |
| Hoplostethus fedorovi | Kotlyar, 1986 | Hoplostethus fedorovi | Trachichthyidae | |
| Hoplostethus fragilis | (de Buen, 1959) | Hoplostethus fragilis | Trachichthyidae | Chilean roughy |
| Hoplostethus gigas | McCulloch, 1914 | Hoplostethus gigas | Trachichthyidae | Giant sawbelly |
| Hoplostethus gilchristi | Smith, 1935 | Hoplostethus atlanticus | Trachichthyidae | Orange roughy |
| Hoplostethus grandperrini | Roberts & Gomon, 2012 | Hoplostethus grandperrini | Trachichthyidae | Grandperrin’s giant sawbelly |
| Hoplostethus intermedius | (Hector, 1875) | Hoplostethus mediterraneus | Trachichthyidae | Mediterranean slimehead |
| Hoplostethus islandicum | Kotthaus, 1952 | Hoplostethus atlanticus | Trachichthyidae | Orange roughy |
| Hoplostethus islandicus | Kotthaus, 1952 | Hoplostethus atlanticus | Trachichthyidae | Orange roughy |
| Hoplostethus japonicus | Hilgendorf, 1879 | Hoplostethus japonicus | Trachichthyidae | Western Pacific roughy |
| Hoplostethus latus | McCulloch, 1914 | Hoplostethus latus | Trachichthyidae | Palefin sawbelly |
| Hoplostethus marisrubri | Kotlyar, 1986 | Hoplostethus marisrubri | Trachichthyidae | Red Sea roughy |
| Hoplostethus mediterraneus | Cuvier, 1829 | Hoplostethus mediterraneus | Trachichthyidae | Mediterranean slimehead |
| Hoplostethus mediterraneus latus | McCulloch, 1914 | Hoplostethus latus | Trachichthyidae | Palefin sawbelly |
| Hoplostethus mediterraneus mediterraneus | Cuvier, 1829 | Hoplostethus mediterraneus | Trachichthyidae | Mediterranean slimehead |
| Hoplostethus mediterraneus sonodae | Kotlyar, 1986 | Hoplostethus mediterraneus | Trachichthyidae | Mediterranean slimehead |
| Hoplostethus mediterraneus trunovi | Kotlyar, 1986 | Hoplostethus mediterraneus | Trachichthyidae | Mediterranean slimehead |
| Hoplostethus melanopeza | Roberts & Gomon, 2012 | Hoplostethus melanopeza | Trachichthyidae | New Zealand giant sawbelly |
| Hoplostethus melanopterus | Fowler, 1938 | Hoplostethus melanopterus | Trachichthyidae | Blackfin roughy |
| Hoplostethus melanopus | (Weber, 1913) | Hoplostethus melanopus | Trachichthyidae | Smallscale slimehead |
| Hoplostethus mento | (Garman, 1899) | Hoplostethus mento | Trachichthyidae | Slimy head |
| Hoplostethus metallicus | Fowler, 1938 | Hoplostethus metallicus | Trachichthyidae | Metallic roughy |
| Hoplostethus mikhailini | Kotlyar, 1986 | Hoplostethus mikhailini | Trachichthyidae | |
| Hoplostethus natalensis | Kotlyar, 1978 | Hoplostethus melanopus | Trachichthyidae | Smallscale slimehead |
| Hoplostethus occidentalis | Woods, 1973 | Hoplostethus occidentalis | Trachichthyidae | Atlantic Roughy |
| Hoplostethus pacificus | Garman, 1899 | Hoplostethus pacificus | Trachichthyidae | Eastern Pacific roughy |
| Hoplostethus ravurictus | Gomon, 2008 | Hoplostethus ravurictus | Trachichthyidae | |
| Hoplostethus rifti | Kotlyar, 1986 | Hoplostethus rifti | Trachichthyidae | |
| Hoplostethus robustispinus | Moore & Dodd, 2010 | Hoplostethus robustispinus | Trachichthyidae | Thickspine roughy |
| Hoplostethus roseus | Su, Lin & Ho, 2022 | Hoplostethus roseus | Trachichthyidae | Rosy roughy |
| Hoplostethus rubellopterus | Kotlyar, 1980 | Hoplostethus rubellopterus | Trachichthyidae | |
| Hoplostethus shubnikovi | Kotlyar, 1980 | Hoplostethus shubnikovi | Trachichthyidae | Metavay sawbelly |
| Hoplostethus tenebricus | Kotlyar, 1980 | Hoplostethus tenebricus | Trachichthyidae | |
| Hoplostethus vniro | Kotlyar, 1995 | Hoplostethus vniro | Trachichthyidae |