Réf. Princ. | Blaber, S.J.M., 1980 |
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Remarques | Euryhaline species. Prefers muddy, sandy or gravel bottom. Juveniles can make extensive use of estuaries and inhabit mangrove swamps. Both juveniles and adults can be found in the intertidal, on muddy and sandy bottoms and near mangrove and seagrass beds (Ref. 121944). Dwells in shallow, muddy substrates where it burrows into mud or sand, leaving only its eyes exposed. Ambush predator. Feeds on crabs, marine worms, and small fishes. Larvae resemble regular fishes and inhabits the water column. Eventually, its right eye migrates towards the left side and its skull twists as it transforms into its benthic adult stage (Ref. 9773). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrat | Benthic: demersal; Soft Bottom: sand; mud; Hard Bottom: rocky; |
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Substrate Ref. | Al-Abdessalaam, T.Z.S., 1995 |
Habitats spéciaux | Beds: sea grass; |
Special habitats Ref. |
Réf. | |
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Associations | |
Associé avec | |
Remarques sur les associations | |
Parasitisme |
Type de prise alimentaire | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Blaber, S.J.M., 1980 |
Habitude alimentaire | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Blaber, S.J.M., 1980 |
Estimation method | Échantillon original | Population non pêchée | Remarque | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
À partir du régime alimentaire | 4.16 | 0.69 | Troph of juv./adults from 1 study. | ||
À partir des éléments alimentaires | 4.02 | 0.54 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Réf. | Nasir, N.A., 2000 |