Ref. principal | Turner, J.L., 1966 |
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Notas | Inhabits lakes, ponds, sloughs, and backwaters and pools of streams. Usually occurs among vegetation over mud or sand, most common in clear water. Forms schools (Ref. 1998). Feeds early in the morning, from midnight to 2 am (Ref. 1998). Individuals up to 16 cm feed on planktonic crustaceans and free-swimming, nocturnal, and dipterous larvae; larger individuals feed on small fishes (Ref. 1998). May be preyed upon by other fishes (Ref. 1998). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Soft Bottom: sand; mud; |
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Substrate Ref. | Scott, W.B. and E.J. Crossman, 1973 |
Special habitats | vegetation |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Tipo de alimentação | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Turner, J.L., 1966 |
Hábito alimentar | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Turner, J.L., 1966 |
Estimation method | Amostra original | População virgem (não pescada) | Nota | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
Da composição da dieta | 4.05 | 0.46 | |||
Dos itens alimentares individuais | 3.81 | 0.62 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. | Turner, J.L., 1966 |