Main Ref. | Russell, B.C., 1983 |
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Remarks | Found inshore (Ref. 75154). Large aggregations are found in deeper water where they feed in the lower part of the water column. They occur in areas which are constantly subjected to strong tidal water movement (Ref. 26966). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Hard Bottom; |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Russell, B.C., 1983 |
Feeding habit | selective plankton feeding |
Feeding habit Ref. | Russell, B.C., 1983 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | 3.08 | 0.00 | 3.05 | 0.14 | Troph of juv./adults from 1 study. |
From individual food items | |||||
Ref. | Russell, B.C., 1983 |