Trachurus mediterraneus (Steindachner, 1868)
Mediterranean horse mackerel
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Trachurus mediterraneus
Picture by Sarp, B.
Pictures | Stamps, Coins | Google image
Picture by Sarp, B.
Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) > Perciformes (Perch-likes) > Carangidae (Jacks and pompanos)
Etymology: Trachurus: Greek, trachys, -eia, -ys = rough + Greek, oura = tail (Ref. 45335).
Etymology: Trachurus: Greek, trachys, -eia, -ys = rough + Greek, oura = tail (Ref. 45335).
Environment / Climate / Range Ecology
Marine; brackish; pelagic-oceanic; oceanodromous (Ref. 51243); depth range 0 - 500 m, usually 5 - 250 m (Ref. 54928). Subtropical; 49°N - 28°N, 13°W - 43°E (Ref. 54928)
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm 20.0 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 60.0 cm FL male/unsexed; (Ref. 3397); common length : 30.0 cm FL male/unsexed; (Ref. 3397)
Max length : 60.0 cm FL male/unsexed; (Ref. 3397); common length : 30.0 cm FL male/unsexed; (Ref. 3397)
Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions | Faunafri
Eastern Atlantic: Bay of Biscay to Mauritania including the Mediterranean Sea. The subspecies Trachurus mediterraneus ponticus occurs in the Marmara and Black seas, southern and western parts of the Azov Sea.
Found usually near the bottom, at times also in surface waters; pelagic and migratory in large schools. Feed on other fishes especially sardines, anchovies, etc. and small crustaceans (Ref. 4233). Eggs are pelagic (Ref. 4233).
Main reference
Upload your references | References | Coordinator : Smith-Vaniz, William F. | Collaborators
Smith-Vaniz, W.F., 1986. Carangidae. p. 815-844. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) Fishes of the north-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. UNESCO, Paris. vol. 2.
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 90363)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fisheries: commercial; gamefish: yes
FAO(fisheries: production, species profile; publication : search) | FisheriesWiki | Sea Around Us
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Synonyms
Metabolism
Predators
Ecotoxicology
Reproduction
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Spawning
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Eggs
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Aquaculture
Aquaculture profile
Strains
Genetics
Allele frequencies
Heritability
Diseases
Processing
Mass conversion
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Internet sources
BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | DiscoverLife | Faunafri | Fishtrace | GenBank(genome, nucleotide) | GOBASE | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | iSpecies | National databases | Public aquariums | PubMed | Scirus | SeaLifeBase | Tree of Life | uBio | Wikipedia(Go, Search) | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoological Record
Estimates of some properties based on empirical models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82805): PD50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00954 (-0.02946 - 0.04853), b=2.94 (2.92 - 2.96), based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
Trophic Level (Ref. 69278): 3.6 ±0.4 se; Based on diet studies.
Resilience (Ref. 69278): Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (K=0.22; tmax=12).
Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (46 of 100) .