Environment / Climate / Range
Ecology
Freshwater; demersal. Tropical
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 84.0 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 7095); max. published weight: 2.5 kg (Ref. 3799)
Dorsal
soft rays
(total): 20-23;
Anal
soft rays: 23 - 26. Body depth 1.6-1.9 x, head length 3.3-4.3 x SL. Caudal peduncle 0.6-0.8 x long than high. Short snout 0.9-1.5 x ocular diameter (3.9-6 x head length). Adipose base 1.4-2 x distance from dorsal. Pointed pectoral 0.6-0.85 x head length (same length as ventrals). Silvery white body. Adipose base gray-black. Ventral anal red except in their basal parts. Inferior lobe of caudal red.
Africa: Senegal, Casamance, Niger, Volta, the Chad basin and certain coastal rivers in Guinéa-Bissau, Togo and Benin. Also in the Nile and Lake Mobutu Sese Seko (Lake Albert) (Ref. 7095).
Occurs in open water and vegetation beds of lakes and flowing water. Ingests mud containing benthic and sedimented algae (Ref. 28714).
Gosse, J.-P., 1990. Citharinidae. p. 261-268. In C. Lévêque, D. Paugy and G.G. Teugels (eds.) Faune des poissons d'eaux douces et saumâtres de l'Afrique de l'Ouest. Tome I. Coll. Faune Tropicale n° XXVIII. Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren and O.R.S.T.O.M., Paris, 384 p.
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 90363)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fisheries: commercial
More information
Common namesSynonymsMetabolismPredatorsEcotoxicologyReproductionMaturitySpawningFecundityEggsEgg development
ReferencesAquacultureAquaculture profileStrainsGeneticsAllele frequenciesHeritabilityDiseasesProcessingMass conversion
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Estimates of some properties based on empirical models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82805): PD
50 = 0.5195 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01376 (-0.14728 - 0.17480), b=3.02 (2.92 - 3.12), based on LWR estimates for species & family-BS (Ref.
93245).
Trophic Level (Ref.
69278): 2.2 ±0.13 se; Based on food items.
Resilience (Ref.
69278): Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (52 of 100) .