Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) > Tetraodontiformes (Puffers and filefishes) > Balistidae (Triggerfishes)
Etymology: Pseudobalistes: Greek, pseudes = false + Greek, ballo = to throw (Ref. 45335).

Environment / Climate / Range Ecology

Marine; reef-associated; depth range 2 - 50 m (Ref. 1602). Tropical; 34°N - 34°S, 27°E - 124°W

Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 60.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 9770)

Short description Morphology | Morphometrics

Dorsal spines (total): 3; Dorsal soft rays (total): 24-27; Anal spines: 0; Anal soft rays: 22 - 25. Scales relatively large (Ref. 9002).

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions | Faunafri

Indo-Pacific: Red Sea south to Natal, South Africa (Ref. 4420) and east through Indonesia to the Tuamoto Islands, north to southern Japan.

Inhabits coastal to inner reefs and estuaries, often in silty habitats (Ref. 48637). Found on lagoon slope and floor (Ref. 30573), also coral reefs. Generally solitary or in pairs (Ref. 4420). Young form small aggregations when common while adults are usually seen solitary, except when nesting and males congregate on certain sand flats adjacent to reefs (Ref. 48637). Feeds on tips of coral branches, gastropods, crustaceans, foraminiferans, and tunicates (Ref. 1602) and also on sea urchins (Ref. 9770). Oviparous (Ref. 205). Nest-guarding females are aggressive (Ref. 9770). Also caught with drive-in nets. Marketed fresh and dried-salted (Ref. 9770). Ciguatoxic in certain areas (Ref. 37816).

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator : Matsuura, Keiichi | Collaborators

Myers, R.F., 1991. Micronesian reef fishes. Second Ed. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 298 p.

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 90363)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 1602)

Human uses

Fisheries: commercial; aquarium: commercial

FAO(Publication : search) | FisheriesWiki | Sea Around Us

More information

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Estimates of some properties based on empirical models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82805): PD₅₀ = 0.6250 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02303 (-0.13989 - 0.18594), b=2.96332 (2.87379 - 3.05284), based on LWR estimates for this family-BS (Ref. 93245).

Trophic Level (Ref. 69278): 3.4 ±0.6 se; Based on diet studies.

Resilience (Ref. 69278): High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (K=0.49; Fec=430,000).

Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (29 of 100) .

Price category (Ref. 80766): Medium.

Pseudobalistes flavimarginatus (Rüppell, 1829)