Paracanthurus hepatus (Linnaeus, 1766)
Palette surgeonfish
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Paracanthurus hepatus
Picture by Randall, J.E.
Pictures | Videos Stamps, Coins | Google image
Picture by Randall, J.E.
Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) > Perciformes (Perch-likes) > Acanthuridae (Surgeonfishes, tangs, unicornfishes) > Acanthurinae
Etymology: Paracanthurus: Greek, para = the side of + Greek, akantha = thorn + Greek, oura = tail (Ref. 45335).
Etymology: Paracanthurus: Greek, para = the side of + Greek, akantha = thorn + Greek, oura = tail (Ref. 45335).
Environment / Climate / Range Ecology
Marine; reef-associated; depth range 2 - 40 m (Ref. 1602), usually 10 - 40 m (Ref. 27115). Tropical; 24°C - 26°C (Ref. 27115); 30°N - 30°S, 32°E - 170°W
Size / Weight / Age
Short description Morphology | Morphometrics
Dorsal
spines
(total): 9;
Dorsal
soft rays
(total): 19-20;
Anal
spines: 3;
Anal
soft rays: 18 - 19. Bright blue, yellow and black in color (Ref. 3145).
Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions | Faunafri
Indo-Pacific: East Africa, including the Mascarene Islands (Ref. 37792) to Kiribati, north to southern Japan, south to the southern Great Barrier Reef, New Caledonia, and Samoa.
Occur in clear, current-swept terraces of seaward reefs. Observed in loose aggregations 1 or 2 meters above the bottom; juveniles and subadults typical in groups near isolated Pocillopora eydouxi coral heads and when alarmed hide themselves tightly among the branches (Ref. 9710). Benthopelagic (Ref. 58302). Feed on zooplankton and occasionally on algae (Ref. 9710, 48637, 27115, 83665). Relatively uncommon and highly localized (Ref. 1602, 9710). Very popular and hardy aquarium fish. Anterolateral glandular groove with venom gland (Ref. 57406).
Main reference
Upload your references | References | Coordinator : Randall, John E. | Collaborators
Myers, R.F., 1991. Micronesian reef fishes. Second Ed. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 298 p.
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 90363)
Threat to humans
Venomous (Ref. 57406)
Human uses
Aquarium: commercial
FAO(Publication : search) | FisheriesWiki | Sea Around Us
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Synonyms
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Aquaculture
Aquaculture profile
Strains
Genetics
Allele frequencies
Heritability
Diseases
Processing
Mass conversion
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Internet sources
BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | DiscoverLife | Faunafri | Fishtrace | GenBank(genome, nucleotide) | GOBASE | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | iSpecies | National databases | Public aquariums | PubMed | Scirus | SeaLifeBase | Tree of Life | uBio | Wikipedia(Go, Search) | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoological Record
Estimates of some properties based on empirical models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82805): PD50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02236 (-0.14208 - 0.18681), b=2.97 (2.88 - 3.06), based on LWR estimates for this family-BS (Ref. 93245).
Trophic Level (Ref. 69278): 3.4 ±0.45 se; Based on food items.
Resilience (Ref. 69278): High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (29 of 100) .