Classification / Names
Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) >
Perciformes (Perch-likes) >
Serranidae (Sea basses: groupers and fairy basslets) > Epinephelinae
Environment / Climate / Range
Ecology
Marine; demersal; depth range 90 - 220 m (Ref. 5222). Subtropical; 37°N - 16°S, 19°W - 37°E (Ref. 5222)
Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 110 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 5222); max. published weight: 25.0 kg (Ref. 5222)
Eastern Atlantic: Mediterranean to southern Angola.
Occurs on mud, sand, or rocky bottoms.
Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall, 1993. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p.
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 90363)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fisheries: minor commercial
More information
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Estimates of some properties based on empirical models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82805): PD
50 = 0.5001 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01113 (-0.13991 - 0.16216), b=3.05 (2.96 - 3.13), based on LWR estimates for this family-BS (Ref.
93245).
Trophic Level (Ref.
69278): 4.0 ±0.6 se; Based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resilience (Ref.
69278): Very Low, minimum population doubling time more than 14 years (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (68 of 100) .