Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) > Perciformes (Perch-likes) > Sparidae (Porgies)
Etymology: Pagrus: Greek, pagros = a fish, Dentex, sp. (Ref. 45335).

Environment / Climate / Range Ecology

Marine; brackish; reef-associated; oceanodromous (Ref. 51243); depth range 0 - 200 m (Ref. 28569). Subtropical; 44°N - 47°S

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L_m 30.0, range 20 - 28 cm
Max length : 130 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 2334); common length : 40.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 3243); max. published weight: 20.0 kg (Ref. 28591); max. reported age: 54 years (Ref. 92924)

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions | Faunafri

Indo-Pacific: widely occurring off New Zealand, Australia, Philippines, Indonesia, China, Taiwan, and Japan. Populations in the northern and southern hemispheres are independent and isolated but were similar enough to be declared one and the same species (Ref. 28569, 28591).

Inhabit rocky reefs (Ref. 9702). Also occur in estuaries (Ref. 9563). Juveniles mainly inhabit inlets, bays and other shallow, sheltered marine waters, often over mud and seagrass (Ref. 6390). Small fish measuring less than 30 cm TL are common inshore around reef areas often in groups of around 30 individuals. Larger fish are shy and are less frequently seen (Ref. 26966). Adults often live near reefs, but are also found over mud and sand substrates (Ref. 6390). They are relatively sedentary. However, tagging studies have shown them capable of substantial migrations (Ref. 28591). Crustaceans (crabs, shrimps, etc) form the basis of the diet, but marine worms, starfish, sea urchins, shellfish and fish are also important (Ref. 28591). Not commercially cultured at present but considered as a prime aquaculture candidate (Ref. 28590). Maximum estimated age for SW Pacific is 54 years with validated longevity on the order of 40 years based on minimum age from bomb radiocarbon dating (Ref. 92924; Allen Andrews, pers.comm. 01/13).

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Paulin, C.D., 1990. Pagrus auratus, a new combination for the species known as "snapper" in Australasian waters (Pisces: Sparidae). N.Z. J. Mar. Freshwat. Res. 24(2):259-265.

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 90363)

Data deficient (DD)

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

Fisheries: commercial; aquaculture: experimental; gamefish: yes

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Estimates of some properties based on empirical models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82805): PD₅₀ = 0.5156 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01681 (-0.10151 - 0.13514), b=3.05 (2.97 - 3.12), based on LWR estimates for species & family-BS (Ref. 93245).

Trophic Level (Ref. 69278): 3.3 ±0.5 se; Based on diet studies.

Resilience (Ref. 69278): Low, minimum population doubling time 4.5 - 14 years (tmax=11).

Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): High to very high vulnerability (69 of 100) .

Price category (Ref. 80766): Very high.

Pagrus auratus (Forster, 1801)