Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) > Perciformes (Perch-likes) > Carangidae (Jacks and pompanos)
Etymology: Caranx: French, carangue, the name of a Caribbean fish; 1836 (Ref. 45335).

Environment / Climate / Range Ecology

Marine; brackish; reef-associated; depth range 10 - 188 m (Ref. 58302). Tropical; 26°C - 29°C; 35°N - 37°S, 19°E - 129°W

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L_m 60.0 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 170 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 9710); common length : 100.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 5213); max. published weight: 80.0 kg (Ref. 4795)

Short description Morphology | Morphometrics

Dorsal spines (total): 9; Dorsal soft rays (total): 17-22; Anal spines: 3; Anal soft rays: 15 - 17. Head and body dusky golden dorsally, silver ventrally; fins usually pigmented grey to black. Opercular spot absent. 26-38 strong scutes. Breast without scales ventrally; a small patch of prepelvic scales. Pectoral fins falcate; anal fin with 2 detached spines.

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions | Faunafri

Indo-Pacific: Red Sea and east coast of Africa to the Hawaiian and Marquesan islands, north to southern Japan (Ref. 559) and the Ogasawara Islands, south to northern Australia. Hybrid with Caranx melampygus found in Hawaii (Ref. 58422).

Pelagic over sand and rock (Ref. 58302). Adults occur singly and inhabit clear lagoon and seaward reefs (Ref. 9710). Juveniles found in estuaries. Feed on crustaceans (like crabs and spiny lobsters) and fishes at night (Ref. 4887). Large individuals may be ciguatoxic. The largest trevally, reaching 1.7 m in length and a weight of over 60 kg (Ref. 48635). Spawn on shallow seaward reefs and offshore banks (Ref. 37816). Sold mostly fresh and dried salted.

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator : Smith-Vaniz, William F. | Collaborators

Paxton, J.R., D.F. Hoese, G.R. Allen and J.E. Hanley, 1989. Pisces. Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Zoological Catalogue of Australia, Vol. 7. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, 665 p.

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 90363)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Reports of ciguatera poisoning (Ref. 9710)

Human uses

Fisheries: commercial; aquaculture: commercial; gamefish: yes; aquarium: public aquariums

FAO(fisheries: production; publication : search) | FisheriesWiki | Sea Around Us

More information

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Internet sources

Estimates of some properties based on empirical models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82805): PD₅₀ = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01872 (-0.01815 - 0.05559), b=2.94 (2.92 - 2.95), based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).

Trophic Level (Ref. 69278): 4.2 ±0.7 se; Based on diet studies.

Resilience (Ref. 69278): Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (K=0.08-0.11; tm=3.5).

Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): High to very high vulnerability (74 of 100) .

Price category (Ref. 80766): High.

Caranx ignobilis (Forsskål, 1775)