Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) > Beloniformes (Needle fishes) > Hemiramphidae (Halfbeaks)
Etymology: Hyporhamphus: Greek, hypo = under + Greek, rhamphos = beak, bill (Ref. 45335).

Environment / Climate / Range Ecology

Marine; freshwater; brackish; pelagic-neritic; potamodromous (Ref. 51243). Tropical

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L_m ?, range 9 - ? cm
Max length : 35.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 85009); common length : 13.0 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 9843)

Short description Morphology | Morphometrics

Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 13-16; Anal spines: 0; Anal soft rays: 13 - 16. Greatly prolonged, beak-like lower jaw, equal to, or longer than head length; upper jaw short, triangular and scaly, its width 0.6-0.8 times in its length. Preorbital distance 1.3-2.1 times in diameter of orbit and 0.75-1.2 times in length of upper jaw. Total number of gill rakers on first gill arch 23-37. Anal fin rays 13-16; caudal fin emarginate, not strongly forked.

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions | Faunafri

Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf to China along the mainland coast of Asia. Replaced in the East Indies, Borneo, and the Philippines by Hyporhamphus neglectus and around northern Australia and southern New Guinea by Hyporhamphus neglectissimus.

Coastal species. Found at surface levels of tidal freshwaters and brackish estuaries (Ref. 12693). Encountered in the Mekong as far upstream as Stung Treng and also found in the Great Lake, Cambodia (Ref. 12693). Feed mainly on insects (Ref. 12693, 33813). Marketed fresh and dried salted.

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator : Collette, Bruce B. | Collaborators

Collette, B.B. and J. Su, 1986. The halfbeaks (Pisces, Beloniformes, Hemiramphidae) of the Far East. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 138(1):250-301.

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 90363)

Least Concern (LC)

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

Fisheries: minor commercial

FAO(Publication : search) | FisheriesWiki | Sea Around Us

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Estimates of some properties based on empirical models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82805): PD₅₀ = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00122 (-0.21307 - 0.21551), b=3.05 (2.94 - 3.17), based on LWR estimates for this family-BS (Ref. 93245).

Trophic Level (Ref. 69278): 3.1 ±0.2 se; Based on diet studies.

Resilience (Ref. 69278): High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).

Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low vulnerability (20 of 100) .

Price category (Ref. 80766): Unknown.

Hyporhamphus limbatus (Valenciennes, 1847)