Phalloceros leptokeras, Sapucaia toothcarp

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Phalloceros leptokeras Lucinda, 2008

Sapucaia toothcarp
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Phalloceros leptokeras
Male picture by Lucinda, P.H.F.

Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes(genus, species) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei (teleosts) > Cyprinodontiformes (Rivulines, killifishes and live bearers) > Poeciliidae (Poeciliids) > Poeciliinae
Etymology: Phalloceros: Greek, phallos = penis + Greek, keras = horn (Ref. 45335);  leptokeras: From the Greek leptos meaning strait, narrow plus kéras meaning horn, alluding to the slender gonopodial appendix. leptokeras is a noun in apposition..

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Freshwater; pelagic. Tropical; 22°S - , 42°W -

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

South America: Brazil: Middle portions of rio Paraíba do Sul drainage (Ref. 76852).

Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 2.4 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 76852); 3.7 cm SL (female)

Short description Morphology | Morphometrics

Dorsal soft rays (total): 8; Anal soft rays: 8 - 11; Vertebrae: 32 - 33. Distinguished by the following uniquely derived autapomorphy: typical densely pigmented rectangle like lateral spot located on the 14th or 15th (very rarely 16th) scale of longitudinal line. Can be readily differentiated from its congeners, except Phalloceros tupinamba and Phalloceros aspilos, by the presence a lateral ramus of the female urogenital papilla; female urogenital papilla left turned; large sickle like hook on the gonopodial appendix located in its inner surface and close to its base; and absence of vertical bars along body sides. Phalloceros leptokeras can be distinguished from Phalloceros aspilos by the presence of lateral spot (vs. spot absent). Phalloceros leptokeras can be distinguished from P. tupinamba by the flattened female urogenital papilla (vs. not-flattened in Phalloceros tupinamba) and by the lateral spot densely pigmented, rectangle like, horizontally covering the length corresponding to two or three scales length (vs. normally pigmented, vertically elongated, and horizontally covering the length corresponding to the length of one scale in Phalloceros tupinamba) (Ref. 76852).

Biology     Glossary (e.g. epibenthic)

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Lucinda, P.H.F., 2008. Systematics and biogeography of the genus Phalloceros Eigenmann, 1907 (Cyprinodontiformes: Poeciliidae: Poeciliinae), with the description of twenty-one new species. Neotrop. Ichthyol. 6(2):113-158. (Ref. 76852)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

  Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 07 November 2018

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Harmless





Human uses

FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

More information

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Internet sources

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: genus, species | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: genome, nucleotide | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: Go, Search | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoobank | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00813 (0.00354 - 0.01865), b=3.16 (2.97 - 3.35), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).
Trophic level (Ref. 69278):  3.0   ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resilience (Ref. 120179):  High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Low vulnerability (10 of 100).