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Biotoecus dicentrarchus  Kullander, 1989

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Biotoecus dicentrarchus
Female picture by Staeck, W.

Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) > Perciformes (Perch-likes) > Cichlidae (Cichlids) > Geophaginae
Etymology: Biotoecus: Greek, biotos, ou = life, existence + Greek, oikos = house, habitat (Ref. 45335);  dicentrarchus: Named for the 2 anal fin spines, Greek prefix 'di' for two and nouns 'kentron' for spine and 'archos' for vent; noun in apposition (Ref. 86446).   More on author: Kullander.

Environment / Climate / Range Ecology

Freshwater; benthopelagic.   Tropical, preferred ?

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

South America: Orinoco River basin, from the Inírida River (Colombia) to Maripa, (Venezuela)

Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 3.8 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 36377)

Short description Morphology | Morphometrics

Dorsal spines (total): 7 - 8; Dorsal soft rays (total): 14-16; Anal spines: 2; Anal soft rays: 6 - 8. This species is distinguished from all other cichlids by having only two (vs. three or more) anal spines; differs from B. opercularis by lacking anguloarticular lateralis canal; 3 or 4 (vs. 5) skin openings and 2 or 3 (vs. 4) canal fragments representing the dentary lateralis canal; dorsal fin with slightly prolonged anterior spines and lappets; modal dorsal fin count VII.15 (vs. VIII.14); and 6 (vs. 5) dark spots along the middle of the side (Ref. 86446).

Biology     Glossary (e.g. epibenthic)

The type locality was a shallow laguna about 25 m wide, with transparent water, vegetation resembling needlegrass; water temperature 34°C; associated with another cichlid species, Crenicara filamentosum, the dominant species at the locality (Ref. 86446).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Eggs are deposited at the ceiling of a cave; the female tends to eggs and yolk-sac larvae; both parents care for the free-swimming young (Ref. 42051).

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator : Kullander, Sven O. | Collaborators

Kullander, S.O., 2003. Cichlidae (Cichlids). p. 605-654. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes of South and Central America. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS, Brasil. (Ref. 36377)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 115185)

  Not Evaluated 

CITES (Ref. 94142)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Harmless




Human uses

FAO(Publication : search) | FisheriesWiki | Sea Around Us

More information

Countries
FAO areas
Ecosystems
Occurrences
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Ecology
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Common names
Synonyms
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Reproduction
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Fecundity
Eggs
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Age/Size
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Length-weight
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Morphometrics
Morphology
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Tools

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Special reports

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Summary page | Point data | Common names | Photos

Internet sources

BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | Faunafri | Fishes of Iran | Fishtrace | GenBank(genome, nucleotide) | GloBI | GOBASE | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Scirus | SeaLifeBase | Tree of Life | Wikipedia(Go, Search) | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoobank | Zoological Record

Estimates of some properties based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82805):  PD50 = 0.7500   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00794 (0.00314 - 0.02013), b=3.14 (2.92 - 3.36), in cm Total Length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).
Trophic Level (Ref. 69278):  3.1   ±0.4 se; Based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resilience (Ref. 69278):  Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (Assuming Fec<1000).
Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Low vulnerability (10 of 100) .