Leuresthes tenuis (Ayres, 1860)
California grunion
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Leuresthes tenuis
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Picture by FAO
Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) > Atheriniformes (Silversides) > Atherinopsidae (Neotropical silversides) > Atherinopsinae
Etymology: Leuresthes: Greek, leyros, -a, -on = smooth + Greek, esthes = suit, something used to wrap (Ref. 45335).
Etymology: Leuresthes: Greek, leyros, -a, -on = smooth + Greek, esthes = suit, something used to wrap (Ref. 45335).
Environment / Climate / Range Ecology
Marine; pelagic-neritic; depth range 0 - 18 m (Ref. 2850). Subtropical; 38°N - 25°N
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm 11.9 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 19.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 2850); max. reported age: 8 years (Ref. 1744)
Max length : 19.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 2850); max. reported age: 8 years (Ref. 1744)
Short description Morphology | Morphometrics
Dorsal
spines
(total): 4 - 8;
Dorsal
soft rays
(total): 8-10;
Anal
spines: 1;
Anal
soft rays: 20 - 24;
Vertebrae: 47 - 50. Branchiostegal rays: 6 (Ref. 36497).
Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions | Faunafri
Eastern Pacific: Monterey Bay, USA to Baja California Sur, Mexico.
Adults inhabit inshore waters, usually at or near surface along open coast and in bays (Ref. 36497). Oviparous, with planktonic primarily neustonic larvae (Ref. 36497). Eggs are deposited in the sand at night by the female parent (Ref. 58332) just below the high spring tide line (Ref. 36497). Minimum depth reported taken from Ref. 57178.
Main reference
Upload your references | References | Coordinator | Collaborators
Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 336 p.
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 90363)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fisheries: minor commercial
FAO(Publication : search) | FisheriesWiki | Sea Around Us
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Predators
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Aquaculture
Aquaculture profile
Strains
Genetics
Allele frequencies
Heritability
Diseases
Processing
Mass conversion
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Internet sources
BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | Faunafri | Fishtrace | GenBank(genome, nucleotide) | GOBASE | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | iSpecies | PubMed | Scirus | SeaLifeBase | Tree of Life | uBio | Wikipedia(Go, Search) | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoological Record
Estimates of some properties based on empirical models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82805): PD50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00448 (-0.15964 - 0.16861), b=3.10 (3.00 - 3.20), based on LWR estimates for this family-BS (Ref. 93245).
Trophic Level (Ref. 69278): 3.1 ±0.4 se; Based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resilience (Ref. 69278): Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (tmax=4; k >0.30; tm=1.5).
Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (29 of 100) .