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Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) > Salmoniformes (Salmons) > Salmonidae (Salmonids) > Salmoninae
Etymology: Salmo: Latin, salmo, Plinius = salmon (Ref. 45335).

Issue
Considered as a synonym of S. trutta trutta (Ref. 13696).

Environment / Climate / Range Ecology

Marine; freshwater; brackish; demersal; anadromous (Ref. 46888); depth range 0 - ? m, usually ? - 10 m. Temperate; 2°C - 16°C (Ref. 2059); 90°N - 33°N, 43°W - 30°E (Ref. 53495)

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L_m ?, range 1 - ? cm
Max length : 100.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 30578); common length : 20.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 682); max. published weight: 20.0 kg (Ref. 30578); max. reported age: 8 years (Ref. 27724)

Short description Morphology | Morphometrics

Dorsal spines (total): 3 - 4; Dorsal soft rays (total): 8-11; Anal spines: 3-4; Anal soft rays: 7 - 10; Vertebrae: 56 - 59. Caudal fin with 18 to 20 soft rays (Ref. 40476).

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions | Faunafri

Northeast Atlantic: southward to southern Norway; Iceland; southern Greenland. Non-migratory and land-locked relict populations south to the British Isles and central France. Reported from Greece (Ref. 27724), Estonia (Ref. 33247) and Argentina (Ref. 9086). Elsewhere circumpolar. Likely to benefit from environmental regulation passed in France on 8/12/88 (Ref. 2163). Considered a synonym of Salmo trutta trutta by Kottelat (Ref. 13696).

Repopulation of stocks usual in Europe. Original population still exists in the island of Corse in the Mediterranean Sea (Ref. 682). Often found in fast-flowing streams of mountain and sub-mountainous regions and sometimes even valleys (Ref. 9696). Feed on benthic invertebrates, insect larvae, aerial insects (in rivers) and mollusks. In addition, adults consume fish and frogs (Ref. 30578). Utilized fresh and smoked; eaten fried, broiled, microwaved and baked (Ref. 9988).

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Svetovidov, A.N., 1984. Salmonidae. p. 373-385. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) Fishes of the north-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. UNESCO, Paris. vol. 1.

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 90363)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless (Ref. 2163)

Human uses

Fisheries: commercial; aquaculture: commercial; gamefish: yes

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Estimates of some properties based on empirical models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82805): PD₅₀ = No PD50 data [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00663 (-0.09141 - 0.10467), b=3.05 (2.98 - 3.12), based on LWR estimates for species & genus-BS (Ref. 93245).

Trophic Level (Ref. 69278): 3.6 ±0.55 se; Based on food items.

Resilience (Ref. 69278): Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (tm=1-5; tmax=8; K=0.21; Fec=1,000).

Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Moderate vulnerability (45 of 100) .

Price category (Ref. 80766): Very high.

Salmo trutta fario Linnaeus, 1758