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Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes) > Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) > Paralichthyidae (Large-tooth flounders)
Etymology: Hippoglossina: Greek, ippos = horse + Greek, glossa = tongue (Ref. 45335). More on author: Steindachner.

Environment / Climate / Range Ecology

Marine; demersal; depth range ? - 500 m (Ref. 82251), usually 251 - 300 m (Ref. 82251). Subtropical, preferred ?; 24°N - 47°S, 107°W - 74°W

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Eastern Pacific: distribution is not precisely known; but may extend from Mazatlán, Mexico to Chile.

Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Common length : 35.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 9330)

Short description Morphology | Morphometrics

Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 64-73; Anal spines: 0; Anal soft rays: 52 - 58. Pectoral fins rather small, about 2 times in head in ocular side and about 2.5 times in head on blind side. Pelvic fin on ocular side slightly larger than on blind side. Caudal fin round. Body brownish, with obscure darker spots on body and fins (Ref. 27363).

Inhabits soft bottoms, up to a depth of 35 m (Ref. 9330). Exploited on a local level with trawl nets and is utilized fresh or as fishmeal.

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Distinct pairing (Ref. 205).

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator : Amaoka, Kunio | Collaborators

Hensley, D.A., 1995. Paralichthyidae. Lenguados. p. 1349-1380. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identification de Especies para lo Fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. 3 Vols. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9330)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 109396)

Least Concern (LC)

CITES (Ref. 94142)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

Fisheries: minor commercial

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Estimates of some properties based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82805): PD₅₀ = 0.5078 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00759 (0.00357 - 0.01612), b=3.16 (2.98 - 3.34), based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trophic Level (Ref. 69278): 3.7 ±0.3 se; Based on diet studies.

Resilience (Ref. 69278): Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).

Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Moderate vulnerability (42 of 100) .

Price category (Ref. 80766): Very high.

Hippoglossina macrops Steindachner, 1876