Myliobatis freminvillei  Lesueur, 1824

Bullnose eagle ray
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Image of Myliobatis freminvillei (Bullnose eagle ray)
Myliobatis freminvillei
Picture by Flescher, D.

Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Elasmobranchii (sharks and rays) > Myliobatiformes (Stingrays) > Myliobatidae (Eagle and manta rays) > Myliobatinae
Etymology: Myliobatis: Greek, mylo = mill + Greek, + Greek, batis,-idos = a ray (Raja sp.) (Ref. 45335).

Environment / Climate / Range Ecology

Marine; brackish; benthopelagic; depth range 0 - 100 m (Ref. 57911), usually 1 - 10 m.   Subtropical

Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 100.0 cm WD male/unsexed; (Ref. 57911); common length : 70.0 cm WD male/unsexed; (Ref. 5217)

Short description Morphology | Morphometrics

Disk broad with long sharply pointed wings and projecting snout. Tail very long, Few middorsal spines on disk in adults (Ref. 7251). Greyish, reddish chocolate or dusky brown above. Lower surface either pure white or whitish. Teeth green (Ref. 6902).

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions | Faunafri

Western Atlantic: continental waters from Cape Cod to southeastern Florida (?) in the USA; also southern Brazil to Argentina (Ref. 58839). Reported (but not known for certain) from Gulf of Mexico, Florida and Caribbean islands, and northern South America. Often confused with Myliobatis goodei (Ref. 3173).

Biology     Glossary (e.g. epibenthic)

Found frequently in coastal waters to 10 m depth, mainly in shallow estuaries. Capable of traveling long distances, occasionally leaps out of the water. Swims in midwater. Cruises slowly over the bottom, rooting out bivalves with its beak and wings when feeding (Ref. 7251). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449).

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator : McEachran, John | Collaborators

Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p.

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 90363)

  Data deficient (DD) 

Threat to humans

  Harmless




Human uses

Fisheries: minor commercial
FAO(Publication : search) | FisheriesWiki | Sea Around Us

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Summary page | Point data | Common names | Photos

Internet sources

BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | DiscoverLife | Faunafri | Fishtrace | GenBank(genome, nucleotide) | GOBASE | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | iSpecies | National databases | PubMed | Scirus | SeaLifeBase | Tree of Life | uBio | Wikipedia(Go, Search) | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoological Record

Estimates of some properties based on empirical models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82805):  PD50 = 0.5005   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00383 (-0.25380 - 0.26146), b=3.09 (2.96 - 3.22), based on LWR estimates for this family-BS (Ref. 93245).
Trophic Level (Ref. 69278):  3.2   ±0.4 se; Based on diet studies.
Resilience (Ref. 69278):  Very Low, minimum population doubling time more than 14 years (Fec=4-8).
Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  High vulnerability (60 of 100) .
Price category (Ref. 80766):   Medium.